Serum Biomarkers for Chronic Renal Failure Screening and Mechanistic Understanding: A Global LC-MS-Based Metabolomics Research

Table 4

Potential renal failure metabolites.

No	Metabolites	Level in patients	AUC
1	Creatinine	↑	0.997
2	1-methylhypoxanthine	↑	1
3	Beta-carboline	↑	0.964
4	Arabinofuranobiose	↑	1
5	Valdecoxib	↓	1
6	Glycerol tripropanoate	↑	0.982
7	4-Guanidinobutanoic acid	↑	1
8	Kynurenic acid	↑	1
9	Alcophosphamide	↓	1
10	1-(Beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1, 4-dihdronicotinamide	↑	1
11	Thelephoric acid	↓	1
12	5′-Methylthioadenosine	↑	1
13	3-Methylglutarylcarnitine	↑	1
14	Formiminoglutamic acid	↑	0.994
15	Solacauline	↑	1
16	PC (20 : 5 (5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 17Z)/(20 : 5 (5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 17Z))	↑	1
17	Serylalanine	↓	1
18	5, 6-Dihydrouridine	↑	1
19	L-Beta-aspartyl-L-threonine	↓	1
20	Isoleucyl-alanine	↑	0.999
21	Beta-solamarine	↑	1
22	Presqualene diphosphate	↑	1
	Lycoperoside D	↑	1
24	2-O-(6-Phospho-alpha-mannosyl)-D-glycerate	↓	1
25	2, 8-Di-O-methylellagic acid	↓	1
26	Perlolyrine	↑	0.993
27	3, 3′, 4′, 5, 6, 7, 8-Heptahydroxyflavone	↓	1
28	Threoninyl-aspartate	↓	1
29	Paraquat dichloride	↓	1
30	Azelaic acid	↑	1
31	(10E, 12Z)-9-HODE	↑	1
32	N-acetylglutamine	↑	1
33	4-acetamidobutanoic acid	↑	1
34	N-acetyl-L-alanine	↑	0.997
35	Mycophenolic acid	↑	1
36	Formylanthranilic acid	↑	1
37	Trehalose	↑	1
38	Prostaglandin F3a	↑	1
39	Thymine	↑	0.996
40	Kynurenic acid	↑	1
41	Tiglic acid	↑	0.975
42	N-acetylserine	↑	1
43	Glutamyltheronine	↓	1
44	3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate	↑	0.999

presents the metabolites identified in kidney disease had been reported.