The Effect of Inhalation Aromatherapy and Music Therapy on Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Shockwave Lithotripsy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Table 2

Comparison of mean state anxiety before and after intervention in study groups.

Groups	Before		After		value
	Mean	95% CI	Mean ± SD	95% CI	Time	Time × group	Group
Aromatherapy	45.8 ± 2.5	44.8, 46.7	47.5 ± 2.2	46.8, 48.3	0.032	<0.001^§	<0.001^§
Music therapy	46.0 ± 3.2	45.1, 47.0	48.2 ± 2.0	47.4, 49.0
Combined aromatherapy and music therapy	45.7 ± 3.1	44.8, 46.7	47.9 ± 2.3	47.1, 48.6
Control	46.5 ± 3.8	45.6, 47.5	45.9 ± 3.5	45.1, 46.7
Test result	F = 0.577,		F = 6.765,

Note. The results of ANOVA test showed no statistically significant difference between the study groups in terms of mean anxiety before the intervention, but this difference was statistically significant after the intervention. The results of paired t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the mean anxiety scores before and after the intervention in the music therapy, aromatherapy, and combined aromatherapy and music therapy groups, but this difference was not significant in the control group. ^§The difference is significant at .