Comparative Studies on a Standardized Subfraction of Red Onion Peel Ethanolic Extract (Plant Substance), Quercetin (Pure Compound), and Their Cell Mechanism and Metabolism on MDA-MB-231

Figure 5

Flow cytometry of BrdU-positive treated MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 h treatment. (a) Representative dot-plot analysis showing the proportion of BrdU-positive treated MDA-MB-231 cells by flow cytometry. (A) MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 0.1% DMSO for 24 h (control), (B) DMSO-treated for 48 h, (C) DMSO-treated for 72 h, (D) 50 µg/mL F1-treated for 24 h, (E) 50 μg/mL F1-treated for 48 h, (F) 50 μg/mL F1-treated for 72 h, (G) 60 µg/mL quercetin-treated for 24 h, (H) 60 μg/mL quercetin-treated for 48 h, and (I) 60 μg/mL quercetin-treated for 72 h. The cells enclosed in the box gate labelled with R6 were used to calculate the percentage of BrdU-positive cells. (b) Percentage of BrdU-positive treated MDA-MB-231 cells. The percentage of BrdU-positive MDA-MB-231 cells treated with 0.1% DMSO (control), 50 μg/mL F1, and 60 μg/mL quercetin was determined by flow cytometry. The bar chart represents the mean ± SD of two independent experiments with significant differences indicated as , <0.01, and <0.001 compared to the controls. One-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison test were used for the statistical analysis.

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