Efficacy of Exercise Rehabilitation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Radiofrequency Ablation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Basic characteristics of the included studies.

Included studies	Country	Age		Sample size		Intervention measures		Intervention frequency	Intervention period	Outcome indicators
		Experimental group	Control group	Experimental group	Control group	Experimental group	Control group
Osbak et al. [10]	Denmark	69.5 ± 7.3	70.9 ± 8.3	24	23	Cycling, walking on stairs, running, balling, and interval training	Habitual physical activity	3 times/w, 30 min/each time	12 w	①④
Lakkireddy et al. [11]	USA	60.6 ± 11.5	63.9 ± 7.6	49	53	Yoga training combined with medication	Routine care measures	2 times/w; 60 min/times	12 w	④
Wahlstrom et al. [12]	Sweden	64 ± 7	63 ± 8	33	36	Yoga training combined with medication	Routine drug treatment	1 time/w; 60 min/times	12 w	④⑤
Cao et al. [13]	China	50.9 ± 6.23	51.08 ± 5.81	55	55	Aerobic exercise, mainly walking	Routine interventions	3 times/w	1 y	①③
Chen et al. [14] 2019	China	51.2 ± 7.4	50.6 ± 7.6	60	62	Aerobic exercise, mainly walking	Routine medication and health education	3-4 times/w, performed every other day	1 y	①③
Malmo et al. [15]	Norway	56 ± 8	62 ± 9	26	25	Aerobic exercise, mainly walking/running	Routine habitual exercise	3 times/w; 45 min/	12 w	②③④⑤
Risom et al. [16]	Denmark	60 ± 9	59 ± 12.25	105	105	Sports training and psychological education and consultation	Routine care measures	3 times/w	12 w	1
Kato et al. [17]	Japan	67 ± 10	65 ± 8	28	31	Moderate-intensity endurance and resistance training	Routine care measures	3 times/w; 30 min/times	6 m	①②③④
Joensen et al. [18]	Denmark	62.2 ± 10	60.2 ± 8.9	28	24	Interval training combined with rehabilitation education	Routine treatment	2 times/w; 1 h/time	12 w	①②
Skielboe et al. [19]	Denmark	61.4 ± 3	63.8 ± 3.3	37	33	High-intensity exercise	Traditional low-intensity exercise	2 times/w; 60 min/time	12 w	1

Note: 6MWD: 6-minute walking distance; peak VO₂: peak oxygen uptake; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; quality of life: physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS).