Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Adjuvant Therapy on the Survival of Patients with Primary Liver Cancer

Table 1

Factors related to the 3-year survival of patients with primary liver cancer.


Variables	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
Variables	HR	95% CI	values	HR	95% CI	values

TCM	0.173	0.148–0.203	<0.001	0.359	0.292–0.441	<0.001
A/G	0.129	0.103–0.162	<0.001	0.617	0.446–0.855	0.004
LC, 10⁹/L	0.555	0.486–0.634	<0.001	0.822	0.699–0.967	0.018
NC, 10⁹/L	1.243	1.218–1.269	<0.001	1.165	1.127–1.205	<0.001
AFP ≥400, ng/ml	3.303	2.842–3.839	<0.001	1.988	1.644–2.404	<0.001
PVTT	13.206	11.17–15.613	<0.001	2.152	1.620–2.859	<0.001
MELD score	1.144	1.131–1.156	<0.001	1.049	1.024–1.074	<0.001

Child–Pugh class
A	Reference
B	4.356	3.653–5.194	<0.001	1.561	1.217–2.003	<0.001
C	10.533	8.670–12.796	<0.001

BCLC stage
A	Reference
B	2.403	1.843–3.134	<0.001	1.838	1.359–2.485	<0.001
C	16.80	13.551–20.828	<0.001	1.624	1.104–2.390	0.014
D	17.804	14.272–22.210	<0.001	2.503	1.189–5.270	0.016

Type of treatment
Resection	0.036	0.023–0.057	<0.001	0.189	0.103–0.346	<0.001
Minimally invasive	0.059	0.049–0.070	<0.001	0.219	0.160–0.299	<0.001
Palliative	Reference

Etiology
HBV	0.716	0.595–0.861	<0.001
HCV	0.973	0.730–1.297	0.852
Alcoholic hepatitis	1.783	1.296–2.453	<0.001
Other	1.624	1.215–2.170	0.001	1.486	1.046–2.111	0.027
ALT, U/L	1.002	1.001–1.002	<0.001
TBIL, µmol/L	1.005	1.005–1.006	<0.001
Cr, µmol/L	1.002	1.001–1.003	<0.001
PTA, %	0.965	0.961–0.969	<0.001
INR	1.345	1.258–1.438	<0.001
NLR	1.065	1.057–1.072	<0.001
RBC, 10¹²/L	0.602	0.551–0.657	<0.001
Hb, g/L	0.984	0.981–0.986	<0.001
PLT, 10⁹/L	1.002	1.001–1.003	<0.001
Cirrhosis	1.854	1.454–2.365	<0.001
Decompensation	3.534	2.918–4.282	<0.001
Tumor number ≥2	3.520	2.998–4.133	<0.001
Antiviral treatment	0.384	0.324–0.456	<0.001
Male sex	1.152	0.959–1.383	0.129
Age, years	1.012	1.005–1.020	0.001
History of smoking	1.138	0.983–1.317	0.083
History of alcohol use	1.176	1.016–1.361	0.030
Family history of PLC	0.875	0.677–1.131	0.309
Diabetes	1.256	1.064–1.483	0.007
Hypertension	1.100	0.935–1.296	0.251

HR, hazard ratio; TCM, traditional Chinese medicine; A/G, albumin/globulin; LC, lymphocyte count; NC, neutrophil count; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; PVTT, portal vein tumor thrombus; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; BCLC stage, barcelona clinic liver cancer stage; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TBIL, total bilirubin; Cr, creatinine; PTA, prothrombin time activity; INR, international normalized ratio; NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; RBC, red blood cell count; Hb, hemoglobin; PLT, platelets.