Source plant English name Plant part Function and usage Reference/s Achyranthes bidentata BlumeOx knee Root Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiaging properties [59 ] Adenophora stricta Miq.Lady bell Root Humectant and skin conditioning [60 ] Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Franch. & Sav.Chinese angelica Root Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) DielsFemale ginseng Root Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [61 ] Asarum sieboldii Miq.Chinese wild ginger Whole plant Asarum heterotropoides F.SchmidtChinese wild ginger Whole plant Astragalus propinquus SchischkinMongolian milkvetch Root Platycladus orientalis (L.) FrancoChinese arborvitae Shoot Anti-inflammatory properties [62 ] Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f.Chinese ground orchid Rhizome Antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiaging properties [63 ] Bupleurum falcatum L.Chinese thoroughwax Root Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [64 ] Calendula officinalis L.Scotch marigold Flower, leaves Cleansing and antimicrobial properties [65 ] Used in numerous cosmetic formulations, i.e., creams, lotions, shampoo Camellia sinensis (L.) KuntzeTea Leaves Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant properties [66 ] Relieving skin damage and promoting wound healing Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.Asiatic pennywort Leaves Wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties [67 ] Chrysanthemum indicum L.Chrysanthemum Stem, flower Anti-inflammatory properties [68 ] Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz. ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Maxim.Silberkerze Root Anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antioxidant properties [69 ] Coptis chinensis Franch.Goldthread Rhizome Antimicrobial properties [70 ] Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.Eucommia Bark Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiaging properties [71 ] Evodia ruticarpa (A.Juss.) Hook.f. & ThomsonEvodia Fruit Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) VahlWeeping forsythia Fruit Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial properties [72 ] Ginkgo Biloba L.Maidenhair tree Leaves Antiaging properties [73 ] Glycyrrhiza glabra L.European liquorice Root Antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [74 ] Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.Chinese liquorice Root Skin conditioning, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties [75 , 76 ] Hippophae rhamnoides L.Sea buckthorn Fruit Saccharina japonica (J.E.Areschoug) C.E.Lane, C.Mayes, Druehl & G.W.SaundersBrown algae Whole plant Lavandula angustifolia Mill.Common lavender Flower, leaves Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer Shiitake mushroom Mushroom Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [77 ] Faster skin renewal and increasing skin elasticity Leonurus japonicus Houtt.Chinese motherwort Fruit Moisturizing, antiaging, and antioxidant properties [78 ] Ligusticum striatum DC.Szechwan lovage Root Ligusticum sinense Oliv.Chinese lovage root Rhizome Antimelanogenic and moisturizing properties [79 ] Ligustrum lucidum W.T. AitonChinese privet Root Promoting growth and darkening of hair, reducing facial dark spots [80 ] Lycium chinense Mill.Wolfberry Fruit Antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [81 ] Magnolia biondii Pamp.Chinese willow leaves magnolia Bark Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties [82 ] Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E.H.WilsonHoupu magnolia Flower Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [83 ] Matricaria reticulata L.Scented mayweed Flower, seed Morus alba L.Mulberry Fruit Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties [84 ] Tyrosinase inhibitors activity Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.Lotus Leaves Reduction of hyperpigmentation and antiwrinkling properties [85 ] Paeonia × suffruticosa AndrewsPeony Leaves, root Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging properties [86 ] Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.Asian ginseng Leaves Antiaging and antiwrinkling properties [87 ] Phellodendron amurense Rupr.Amur cork tree Bark Used to treat acne [88 ] Pinus tabuliformis CarrièreChinese red pine Wood, leaves Polygonatum officinale All.Solomon’s seal Root Anti-inflammatory and healing properties [89 ] Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc.Japanese knotweed Root Potent tyrosinase inhibition, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral properties [90 ] Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.Chinese knotweed Leaves, root tuber, rhizomes Tonic and antiaging agents [91 , 92 ] Used for promoting hair growth and treating early hair greying (blackening). Prunus armeniaca L.Apricot Seed Antiaging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties [93 , 94 ] Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC.Rehmannia Root Used to treat premature aging, greying hair, and wrinkles [95 ] Rhodiola rosea L.Golden root Rhizome Antiaging and anti-inflammatory properties [96 ] Salvia miltiorrhiza BungeChinese sage Root Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [97 ] Scutellaria baicalensis GeorgiChinese skullcap Root Antibacterial, antioxidation, and UV protection effects, and it can be used as a skin-whitening ingredient in the beauty industry because of its ability to inhibit melanin synthesis [98 ] Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.Milk thistle Seed Antioxidant and UV B-protective properties [99 ] Slowing down skin (photo) aging. Sophora flavescens AitonKorean cream pea Root Reduction of skin hyperpigmentation [100 ] Tribulus terrestris L.Land caltrops Fruit Antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [101 ] Vitis vinifera L.Grape Fruit, seed Antioxidant and skin conditioning properties [102 ] Zanthoxylum alatum Roxb.Prickly ash Bark Antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [103 ] Used for scouring teeth
