Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Study on the Mechanism of Qing-Fei-Shen-Shi Decoction on Asthma Based on Integrated 16S rRNA Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics

Table 3

Differential metabolites in asthmatic mice after the treatment of QFSS.


No.	Formula	RT (min)	m/z	Metabolites	VIP		FC		Trend		Pathway
No.	Formula	RT (min)	m/z	Metabolites	M vs. C	Q vs. M	M vs. C	Q vs. M	M vs. C	Q vs. M	Pathway

1	C₁₁H₂₀O₂	12.77	183.14	Methyl 10-undecenoate	1.34	1.34	1.51	0.60	↑^##	↓
2	C₂₆H₅₂NO₇P	15.01	520.34	1-Oleoyl-Sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	2.30	1.01	0.50	1.46	↓^##	↑	e
3	C₁₃H₁₄N₂O₄	8.29	263.10	2-(Acetylamino)-3-[4-(acetylamino)phenyl]acrylic acid	1.98	1.50	0.50	1.96	↓^#	↑
4	C₉H₁₂N₂O₅	1.61	227.07	2-Deoxyuridine	1.33	1.01	0.63	2.37	↓^##	↑	d
5	C₁₁H₁₈N₂O₂	8.96	211.14	3-(2-Methylpropyl)-octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione	2.51	1.40	0.41	1.89	↓^##	↑
6	C₆H₁₃NO₂	1.37	132.10	3-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid	2.14	1.66	0.56	1.82	↓^##	↑
7	C₁₃H₁₄O₅	10.02	251.09	4-(3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid	1.75	1.67	0.46	3.03	↓^#	↑
8	C₅H₁₁N₃O₂	1.41	146.09	4-Guanidinobutyric acid	2.45	1.67	0.24	3.40	↓^##	↑	a
9	C₂₇H₄₄O₂	14.05	401.34	7-Ketocholesterol	1.47	1.23	1.44	0.69	↑^#	↓
10	C₉H₁₇NO₄	1.42	204.12	Acetyl-L-carnitine	1.30	1.35	1.28	0.72	↑^#	↓
11	C₁₃H₁₄O₅	10.02	233.08	Citrinin	1.75	1.66	0.45	3.12	↓^#	↑
12	C₆H₁₂N₂O₃	1.40	161.09	D-Ala-D-Ala	2.33	1.21	0.37	1.89	↓^#	↑
13	C₆H₁₃O₉P	1.20	259.02	D-Glucose6-phosphate	1.28	1.08	6.05	0.34	↑^#	↓	c
14	C₁₈H₃₂O₁₆	1.44	503.16	D-Raffinose	1.95	1.10	0.16	6.36	↓^##	↑
15	C₉H₇N	10.55	130.06	Isoquinoline	1.54	1.69	0.50	2.63	↓^#	↑
16	C₆H₁₂O₅	1.40	165.08	L-Fucose	1.73	1.37	9.14	0.26	↑^##	↓
17	C₅H₁₁NO₃S	1.32	166.05	L-Methionine sulfoxide	1.69	2.08	0.68	1.84	↓^##	↑
18	C₅H₁₂N₂O₂	1.33	131.08	L-Ornithine	1.81	1.82	8.10	0.53	↑^##	↓	a, b
19	C₂₃H₄₆NO₇P	14.32	480.31	LysoPC (15 : 1)	1.09	1.73	0.79	1.61	↓^#	↑	e
20	C₂₄H₄₈NO₇P	14.50	492.31	LysoPC (16 : 1)	2.05	1.54	0.56	1.76	↓^#	↑	e
21	C₂₆H₄₈NO₇P	14.40	516.31	LysoPC (18 : 3)	1.86	1.45	0.59	1.76	↓^#	↑	e
22	C₂₆H₄₆NO₇P	14.06	516.31	LysoPC (18 : 4)	1.52	1.83	0.62	2.30	↓^#	↑	e
23	C₂₈H₅₆NO₇P	15.53	608.39	LysoPC (20 : 1)	1.87	1.00	0.73	1.23	↓^#	↑	e
24	C₂₈H₅₄NO₇P	15.26	606.38	LysoPC (20 : 2)	2.32	1.25	0.62	1.40	↓^##	↑	e
25	C₂₄H₄₈NO₉P	14.82	524.30	LysoPS (18 : 0)	1.87	1.59	0.44	2.50	↓^#	↑
26	C₁₁H₁₁NO₂	10.55	190.09	Methyl indole-3-acetate	1.50	1.56	0.52	2.45	↓^#	↑
27	C₂₀H₄₀NO₄	12.97	358.29	O-acylcarnitine	1.58	1.67	1.67	0.51	↑^#	↓
28	C₃₂H₆₄NO₇P	16.56	606.45	PC (14 : 1e/10 : 0)	1.19	2.04	0.76	1.73	↓^##	↑
29	C₄₃H₇₆NO₈P	16.57	764.53	PE (18 : 1/20 : 4)	1.71	1.34	2.11	0.40	↑^##	↓	e
30	C₁₁H₁₆N₂O₂	9.34	209.13	Pilocarpine	2.80	1.34	0.45	1.66	↓^##	↑
31	C₅H₉NO₂	1.39	116.07	Proline	1.32	1.85	1.75	0.49	↑^#	↓	a
32	C₄H₄N₂O₂	1.54	113.03	Uracil	1.95	1.36	0.56	2.06	↓^##	↑	d
33	C₉H₁₂N₂O₆	1.62	243.06	Uridine	1.84	1.09	0.53	2.02	↓^##	↑	d
34	C₈H₁₆N₂O₄	1.40	205.12	Val-ser	1.75	1.59	0.58	1.97	↓^#	↑
35	C₁₀H₁₄N₂O₆	1.40	259.09	2′-O-Methyluridine	1.94	1.45	0.29	2.15	↓^#	↑
36	C₁₉H₂₀O₃	1.56	297.14	Cryptotanshinone	1.97	1.25	0.52	1.74	↓^#	↑
37	C₂₄H₅₀NO₇P	14.47	496.34	PC (14 : 0e/2 : 0)	1.46	1.44	21.81	0.16	↑^#	↓
38	C₁₁H₁₅N₅O₄	1.40	282.12	1-Methyladenosine	1.57	1.58	0.65	1.59	↓	↑
39	C₈H₇NO₄S	6.56	212.00	3-Indoxyl sulphate	1.78	1.82	0.48	3.00	↓	↑
40	C₁₈H₃₄O₄	14.35	315.25	9,10-Dihome	2.00	1.67	1.90	0.48	↑	↓
41	C₂₂H₂₈N₂O	12.33	342.26	Fentanyl-d5	1.34	1.72	1.84	0.43	↑	↓
42	C₂₂H₄₆NO₇P	14.35	526.31	LysoPC (14 : 0)	1.44	1.55	0.74	1.60	↓	↑	e
43	C₁₀H₁₄O₄	12.15	181.09	Modiolide G	1.20	1.24	0.65	1.91	↓	↑

Control, model, and HD-QFSS groups (n = 6 per group). RT, retention time; VIP, variable importance of projection; FC, fold change; ↑: content increased; ↓: content decreased; vs., versus; C, control group; M, model group; Q, HD-QFSS group; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PS, phosphatidylserine. ^# compared with the control group. ^## compared with the control group; compared with the model group; compared with the model group. a, arginine and proline metabolism; b, arginine biosynthesis; c, starch and sucrose metabolism; d, pyrimidine metabolism; e, glycerophospholipid metabolism. The bold text in “pathway” column indicates the pathway which the metabolite related with. a: arginine and proline metabolism; b: arginine biosynthesis; c: starch and sucrose metabolism; d: pyrimidine metabolism; e: glycerophospholipid metabolism.