Chemical Composition and Antifungal and Antibiofilm Effects of Vitex pseudo-negundo Essential Oil against Pathogenic Fungal Strains

Table 1

Chemical composition of Vitex pseudo-negundo EOs (percentage).

No	Component	RI^a	Leaf	Flower	Fruit
1	Tricyclene	920	—	0.01	0.2
2	α-Thujene	927	0.1	0.1	0.2
3	α-Pinene	936	39.3	30.3	32.7
4	Camphene	948	0.1	0.1	0.1
5	Thuja-2,4(10)-diene	954	0.01	—	0.2
6	Sabinene	973	3.7	3.6	2.5
7	β-Pinene	977	0.5	0.5	0.5
8	Myrcene	991	2.9	2.7	1.2
9	α-Phellandrene	1006	1.1	0.9	0.3
10	α-Terpinene	1017	0.2	0.1	0.2
11	p-Cymene	1024	0.1	0.3	0.6
12	Limonene	1029	13.8	11.6	9.5
13	β-Phellandrene	1030	0.8	0.8	0.5
14	1,8-Cineole	1031	0.3	0.2	0.3
15	(E)-β-Ocimene	1046	0.1	0.1	—
16	ϒ-Terpinene	1057	0.3	0.2	0.5
17	cis-Sabinene hydrate	1066	0.05	0.01	0.04
18	Terpinolene	1088	0.6	0.6	0.5
19	Linalool	1099	0.6	0.6	0.4
20	n-Amyl isovalerate	1108	0.1	0.01	0.1
21	trans-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol	1120	0.05	0.03	0.1
22	α-Campholenal	1125	—	—	0.5
23	trans-Pinocarveol	1138	—	—	1.1
24	cis-Verbenol	1140	0.05	0.04	—
25	Pinocarvone	1161	—	—	0.4
26	p-Mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol	1165	0.04	0.02	0.4
27	Menthol	1171	—	0.01	—
28	Terpinene-4-ol	1176	0.7	0.4	0.6
29	α-Terpineol	1190	0.7	0.5	1.0
30	Myrtenal	1195	—	—	0.4
31	Verbenone	1208	—	0.01	0.01
32	trans-Carveol	1218	—	—	0.2
33	Citronellol	1227	0.1	—	0.2
34	Cumin aldehyde	1238	—	—	0.06
35	Carvone	1242	—	—	0.1
36	Geraniol	1253	0.1	0.1	—
37	Geranial	1270	—	—	—
38	Bornyl acetate	1284	0.2	0.2	0.5
39	Thymol	1293	0.05	—	—
40	Carvacrol	1302	—	—	0.7
41	(2E,4E)-Decadienal	1315	—	—	—
42	Methyl geranate	1323	0.2	0.2	—
43	δ-Elemene	1336	0.3	0.8	0.4
44	α-Terpinyl acetate	1351	17.5	17.3	16.8
45	Citronellyl acetate	1353	—	—	—
46	β-Bourbonene	1383	—	0.04	—
47	β-Elemene	1391	—	0.1	0.03
48	α-Gurjunene	1408	0.2	0.5	0.4
49	(E)-Caryophyllene	1420	7.2	13.1	8.3
50	trans-α-Bergamotene	1434	0.2	0.4	0.4
51	(Z)-β-Farnesene	1442	0.4	0.6	0.6
52	α-Humulene	1452	0.8	1.4	—
53	(E)-β-Farnesene	1456	—	0.04	0.9
54	allo-Aromadendrene	1459	0.5	0.8	0.8
55	Germacrene D	1479	0.1	0.2	0.1
56	β-Selinene	1484	—	—	0.1
57	Bicyclogermacrene	1495	2.7	5.8	3.9
58	β-Bisabolene	1507	0.2	0.4	0.4
59	ϒ-Cadinene	1512	0.1	0.2	0.2
60	δ-Cadinene	1522	0.1	0.2	0.2
61	(E)-Nerolidol	1564	—	0.1	—
62	Germacrene B	1565	0.04	0.1	—
63	Spathulenol	1576	0.3	0.3	2.5
64	Caryophyllene oxide	1581	0.3	0.4	1.9
65	Viridiflorol	1589	0.05	0.1	0.1
66	Longiborneol	1600	0.2	0.3	0.6
67	epi-α-Cadinol	1639	0.2	0.5	1.6
68	β-Eudesmol	1648	0.5	0.5	0.6
69	α-Eudesmol	1652	—	0.2	—
70	α-Bisabolol	1682	0.1	0.2	0.1

Note. RI, linear retention indices on DB-5MS column, experimentally determined using homolog series of n-alkanes.