Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Opioid-Induced Constipation in Palliative Care: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Figure 2

Schematic diagram of the acupoints in the included articles. Notes: Dazhu (BL 11): in the back, under the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra, beside 5 cm; Shenshu (BL 23): both sides of the spinous process of a second lumbar vertebra; Zusanli (ST 36): 3-4 mm below the knee joint and 1-2 mm outside the tibia crest; Sanyinjiao (SP 6): 10 mm proximal to the prominence of the medial malleolus; Guanyuan (RN 4): 3 cm below the belly button; Qihai (RN 6): 1.5 cm below the belly button; Tianshu (ST 25): 2 cm to the side of the belly button; Shangjuxu (ST 37): 7-8 mm below the knee joint and 1-2 mm outside the tibia crest; Zhongwan (RN 12): 4 cm above the belly button.