Moral Foundation of the Kindergarten Teacher’s Educational Approach: Self-Reflection Facilitated Educator Response to Pluralism in Educational Context

Table 1

Research methods, participants and gathered sets of data.

	Data 1: Multi-method data gathered by Lamminmäki-Vartia			Data 2: Multi-method data gathered by Kuusisto						Data 3: Documentary data
Method	Observation	Interviews	Questionnaire data	Staff focus group interviews	Interviews with parents	Observation of pre-school groups	Interviews, discussions, storycrafting	Surveys with educational practitioners	Survey with educational teams of three	Textual data
Time of data gathering	Nov 2007–March 2008			Nov-Dec 2008	Dec 2009–Feb 2010	March-April 2009	March-April 2009	Dec 2008, May 2009	Aug-Sept 2009	2008–2010
Research participants	Day care centres (𝑛=1) day to day activities, the staff and some 90 children, with particular attention to a group of 20 children aged 3–6	Personnel of one day care centre (𝑛=16)	Day care centre educational teams (𝑛=5)	Personnel of four day care centres (𝑛=45)	10 parents (between ages 28–55; eight females and two men)	Some 80 children and ECEC personnel	80 children (5-6-year-olds)	(1) The staff members of four day care centres (𝑛=35); (2) Educational practitioners participating in staff development seminar (𝑛=40)	ECEC teams (𝑛=45 individuals), each responsible for a group of children	(1) National curriculum guiding documents; (2) Municipal curriculum guiding documents; (3) Kindergarten-specific documents; (4) ECEC teams’ plans targeting diversity
Form(s) of data	Field notes; transcribed notes, 93p. all together	Transcribed interviews (50–70 min each), 76p. all together	Questionnaires	Transcribed focus group discussions(1.5–2.5 h each, 8 h altogether)	Transcribed interviews (20–60 min each)	Field notes; photographs	Field notes, recorded discussions	Questionnaires	Questionnaires	Documents