Exploring the Related Factors in Education Quality through Spatial Autoregressive Modeling with Latent Variables: A Rural Case Study

Table 1

Latent variables and their indicators.

Latent variable	Indicator	Brief description
Education quality	Y11	The ratio of the gross enrolled number of senior high school students to the number of children aged between 15 and 18 years in each district.
	Y12	The ratio of the number of accredited senior high schools with at least B level to the total number of senior high schools in each district.
	Y13	The average of national exam scores of senior high school students in each district.
School infrastructure	X11	The proportion of the number of schools having minimum classroom space according to the regulations of the national education ministry.
	X12	The proportion of the number of schools having laboratories according to the regulations of the national education ministry.
	X13	The proportion of the number of schools having libraries according to the regulations of the national education ministry.
Socioeconomic conditions	X21	The ratio of the number of households running a home industry or having a shop at home to the total number of households in each district.
	X22	The ratio of the number of households using clean water to the total number of households in each district.