The Factors Affecting Students’ Online Learning Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bayesian Exploratory Factor Analysis

Table 1

Scale-coding table of factors affecting students’ online learning outcomes.

Code	Explanation	Reference source
EOU	Ease of use	[13, 14]
EOU1	Online learning software is easy to use
EOU2	Online learning software is easy to understand
EOU3	Online learning software is flexible
EOU4	Online learning software comes with a support team when needed
PU	Perceived usefulness	[2, 13]
PU1	Using E-learning makes learning easier
PU2	Using E-learning saves time
PU3	Using E-learning saves costs
PU4	Using E-learning creates more learning excitement
FC	Faculty capacity	[17–20]
FC1	Appropriate teaching methods
FC2	Ability to apply science and technology
FC3	Ability to form and combine different ideas and practices
FC4	Professional competence
CC	Course content	[23, 24]
CC1	Course content at the suitability level
CC2	Diverse learning and supporting materials
CC3	Innovative and updated subject content
CC4	Practical and comprehensive subject content and structure
CD	Course design	[26–28]
CD1	Appropriate course design structure and interface
CD2	Flexible time schedule
CD3	Appropriate testing and evaluation methods
CD4	Convenient exchange forums
LC	Learner characteristics	[29–31]
LC1	Social interaction with lecturers and collaborative interaction with co-learners
LC2	Quick adaptability to changes
LC3	Proactiveness and self-study ability
LC4	Sense of regulatory compliance
SP	Students’ online learning outcomes	[13] (authors’ suggestions)
SP1	Gain a lot of knowledge
SP2	Develop a variety of skills
SP3	Able to apply subjects into practice
SP4	Learn a lot of knowledge and skills