The Effectiveness of Hybrid and Pure Problem-Based Learning in the Productive Skills and Critical Thinking of Iranian Undergraduate Students through MALL Application

Table 5

Descriptive statistics for the learners’ writing and speaking gain scores.

Skills	Groups	Mean	Std. deviation	N
Writing	HPBL	1.38	0.60	18
	PPBL	1.90	0.30	20
	CG	1.00	0.00	22
	Total	1.05	0.90	60
Speaking	HPBL	1.11	0.32	18
	PPBL	1.10	0.30	20
	CG	1.00	0.00	22
	Total	0.70	0.59	60