Use of Music and Songs as Pedagogical Tools in Teaching English as Foreign Language Contexts

Table 1

Teaching strategies for multiple intelligences [13].

Type of intelligence	Example	Teaching strategies
Linguistic	Strategies should lay emphasis on unrestricted language practices that will foster the linguistic aptitude in learners.	Storytelling: it needs the use of imagination. It is a dynamic instrument to “weave” the information envisioned to teach into a thought-provoking story that can have learners engaged.
Logical/mathematical	Strategies should include rational critical thinking skills and the application of proficiency in classrooms.	Socratic questioning: it helps students “sharpen their own critical thinking.” It consists of the critical thinking process of Socrates. A teacher acts as the questioner, questioning students’ beliefs and views about the world and how it functions.
Spatial	Strategies should be focused on dealing with learners’ internal and external images through the integration of imagination, movies, illustrations, visual novels and cryptograms.	Graphic symbols: it consists of assigning symbols to ideas. For example, drawing real roots under the roots word of vocabulary. Thus, students connect the symbol to the root of the word.
Bodily/kinaesthetic	Tactics should enhance learners’ physique and movement in the classroom to attain a better understanding of the ideas taught.	The classroom theatre: it necessitates learners’ talent of acting through dramatizing a problem or an idea in action.
Musical	Strategies should develop music into lessons. Such strategies will help learners accumulating information in their long-term memory.	Discographies: it entails the application of already prevailing recorded musical fragments to impart ideas or open conversation or teach vocabulary.
Interpersonal	Strategies should foster learners’ communications and sense of fitting in and belonging.	Board games: they can train learners for informal social interaction. A teacher can plan a game conferring to the topic or they can just utilize already present games.
Intrapersonal	Strategies should comprise activities and directions that aid learners to experience themselves independently and internally.	Personal connections: it entails making the link between what is being imparted and students’ individual lives.
Naturalist	Strategies should consist of more outdoor activities and plans. They also should let students to carry the external world into class.	Eco study: it involves the incorporation of nature in the prospectus whether it is math or linguistic studies. It needs the acknowledgement of the link between topic and ecology.