The Effects of Processing Instruction and Output-Based Activities on Grammar Learning: The Mediating Role of Working Memory

Table 2

Descriptive statistics.

Group	WM	Mean	Std. deviation	N
PI	Low-span	7.07	1.73	14
	High-span	10.36	3.62	19
	Total	8.96	3.36	33
Output	Low-span	8.46	3.90	15
	High-span	9.66	3.51	18
	Total	9.12	3.68	33
Control	Low-span	4.76	1.69	13
	High-span	5.20	1.93	20
	Total	5.03	1.82	33
Total	Low-span	6.85	3.05	42
	High-span	8.33	3.83	57
	Total	7.70	3.58	99