Cultivating Iranian IELTS Candidates’ Writing Skills through Online Peer Feedback: A Mixed-Methods Inquiry

Table 11

Pairwise comparisons.

Dependent variable: delayed posttest
(I) instruction	(J) instruction	Mean difference (I − J)	Std. error	Sig.^a	95% confidence interval for difference
					Lower bound	Upper bound
Online peer feedback	Non-peer-feedback	8.523^∗	0.582	0.000	7.341	9.009
Non-peer-feedback	Online peer feedback	−8.523^∗	0.582	0.000	−9.009	−7.341

Based on estimated marginal means, the mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ^aAdjustment for multiple comparisons: least significant difference (equivalent to no adjustments).