Cultivating Iranian IELTS Candidates’ Writing Skills through Online Peer Feedback: A Mixed-Methods Inquiry

Table 6

Pairwise comparisons of online peer feedback and non-peer-feedback groups on the posttest.

Pairwise comparisons
Dependent variable: immediate posttest
	(J) instruction	Mean difference (I − J)	Std. error	Sig.^a	95% confidence interval for difference
					Lower bound	Upper bound
Online peer feedback	Non-peer-feedback	5.795	0.566	0.000	3.016	5.717
Non-peer-feedback	Online peer feedback	−5.795	0.566	0.000	−5.417	−3.016

Based on estimated marginal means, the mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ^aAdjustment for multiple comparisons: least significant difference (equivalent to no adjustments).