Instructional Leadership Practices and Challenges: The Case of Primary School Principals in Liban Jawi Woreda of West Shoa Zone

Table 4

Respondents view on instructional leaders measures to overcome the challenges that hinder instructional leadership activities.

No.	Item description: school principal as an instructional leader takes a measure like	Response	Respondents			Total mean score
			Teachers (n = 114)	Principals (n = 7)	Vice principals (n = 6)
1	Aware key stakeholders/teachers, students, parents, and community members/on issues of schools	Mean	2.11	2.21	2.33	2.15
		SD	1.17	0.48	0.41
2	Providing a job trainings workshops and seminars for principals/by the school and higher bodies	Mean	2.88	3.57	3.17	3.13
		SD	1.19	0.97	0.75
3	Striving to develop their leadership competency	Mean	2.27	2.63	2.20	2.35
		SD	1.08	0.54	0.63
4	Assigning senior and capable teachers in different administrative positions in school	Mean	2.56	2.71	2.83	2.63
		SD	1.03	1.11	1.16
5	Confronting and resolving conflicts among/between principals, teachers. and students in a timely manner	Mean	2.21	2.69	2.30	2.25
		SD	0.96	0.48	0.54

Note: SD, standard deviation; significant level = 0.05; t-critical value = 1.99; mean scores: 1.00–1.80 = strongly disagree, 1.81–2.60 = disagree, 2.61–3.40 = undecided, 3.41–4.20 = agree, and 4.21–5.00 = strongly agree.