Patients with Liver Cirrhosis as Frequent Attenders of Emergency Departments

Table 2

Visit characteristics for cirrhosis-related infrequent attenders and frequent attenders.

Characteristics	Infrequent attender group		Frequent attender group		value
	N = 9059	33.5%	N = 18882	66.5%
Daytime	5060	53.2	9594	50.8	<0.001
Weekend	2487	26.2	5153	27.3	0.042
Triage 1 or 2	3403	35.8	4431	23.5	<0.001
EMS transport	1716	18.1	2479	13.1	<0.001
Causes of encounter
Infection-related	1257	13.2	2239	11.9	0.001
GI bleeding	3880	45.8	3245	17.2	<0.001
Hepatic encephalopathy	1307	13.7	2871	15.2	0.001
Ascites	386	4.0	1888	10.0	<0.001
ED management
CT examination	1228	12.9	1932	10.2	<0.001
Laboratory testing	8558	90.0	14066	47.5	<0.001
Length of stay (hours) (IQR)	16.7 (3.4–48.9)		5.2 (1.6–26.6)		<0.001
Admission status
Hospital admission	5027	52.9	7030	37.2	<0.001
ICU admission	94	1.0	72	0.4	<0.001

EMS: emergency medical services; GI: gastrointestinal; ED: emergency department; CT: computed tomography; IQR: interquartile range; ICU: intensive care unit.