[Retracted] Total Thoracoscopic versus Robotic Surgery for Repair of Atrial Septum Defect: A Propensity Matching Score Analysis

Table 3

Perioperative details (propensity-matched groups).

	Thoracoscopic group	Robotic group	value
	(N = 64)	(N = 64)
Operation time (min, median (IQR))	300.00 (250.00, 373.75)	210.00(180.00, 240.00)	<0.001
CPB time (min, median (IQR))	123.50 (95.25, 164.50)	74.50 (64.25, 92.00)	<0.001
Surgical closure technique			0.244
Pericardial patch	61 (95.3)	64 (100.0)
Primary suturing	3 (4.7)	0 (0.0)
Concomitant PAPVC repair	2 (3.1)	5 (7.8)	0.453
ICU stay (h, median (IQR))	22.00 (20.00, 46.00)	19.00 (18.00, 24.00)	0.001
Mechanical ventilation time (h, median (IQR))	6.75 (4.50, 15.00)	4.00 (3.00, 6.75)	0.02
Postoperative hospital-stay (d, median (IQR))	9.00 (7.00, 13.00)	8.00 (7.00, 9.00)	0.025
Thoracic drainage^a (ml, median (IQR))	277.50 (151.25, 460.75)	207.50 (101.25, 300.00)	0.001
Total RBC usage (U, median (IQR))	3.00 (0.00, 4.00)	0.00 (0.00, 0.00)	<0.001
Total hospital costs	1.33 (1.13, 1.76)	1.49 (1.34, 1.69)	0.097
(×10^4$, median (IQR))

^a:the volume of thoracic drainage in the first 24 hours after operation; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; ICU: intensive care unit; and PAPVC: partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection.