Clinical Presentation and Management of Acute Dystonia from Drug Abuse or Misuse in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Bangkok, Thailand

Table 6

Risk factors associated with the relapse of drug-induced acute dystonia.

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR (95% CI)	value	aOR (95% CI)	value
Ages <16 years old (N = 60)	1.27 (0.44–3.67)	0.67
Male (N = 60)	2.05 (0.46–9.25)	0.35
Triage level: ESI 2 (N = 60)	2.00 (0.44–8.99)	0.37
First Rx: trihexyphenidyl (N = 60)	1.90 (0.11–32.00)	0.67
First Rx: IV diazepam 5 mg (N = 60)	0.53 (0.15–1.91)	0.33
First Rx: IV diazepam 10 mg (N = 60)	8.94 (0.93–86.09)	0.06	7.67 (0.67–88.00)	0.10
First Rx: IV diazepam 5 mg + oral trihexyphenidyl (N = 60)	1.38 (0.46–4.21)	0.57
First Rx: IV diazepam 10 mg + oral trihexyphenidyl (N = 60)	8.94 (0.93–86.09)	0.06	10.25 (0.93–112.58)	0.06
History of abusing drug more than once (N = 48)	4.46 (0.72–27.51)	0.11	5.45 (0.81–36.80)	0.08
Abused multiple drugs (N = 56)	0.95 (0.31–1.92)	0.94

Using logistic regression, multivariate models were developed by adjusting for covariates with in univariate models. OR = odds ratio, aOR = adjusted odds ratio, ESI = emergency severity index, IV = intravenous, mg = milligrams.