Effect of the Profit and Teaching Status of Hospitals on the Patterns and Outcomes of Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava Injuries after Severe Abdominal Trauma

Table 2

Outcome measures by the type of injury and the hospital teaching status.

Variables	PS			TS
	For-profit	Nonprofit	values	Community	Nonteaching	University	values
SBP			0.231				0.366
SBP ≥ 90	92 (63.0%)	887 (67.9%)		299 (69.7%)	80 (63.5%)	600 (66.9%)
SBP < 90	54 (37.0%)	419 (32.1%)		130 (30.3%)	46 (36.5%)	297 (33.1%)
GCS			0.070				0.754
GCS > 8	77 (52.7%)	790 (60.5%)		253 (59.0%)	79 (62.7%)	535 (59.6%)
GCS ≤ 8	69 (47.3%)	516 (39.5%)		176 (41.0%)	47 (37.3%)	362 (40.4%)
ISS			0.673				0.401
1–8	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.1%)		0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.1%)
9–15	9 (6.2%)	54 (4.1%)		25 (5.8%)	6 (4.8%)	32 (3.6%)
16–24	37 (25.3%)	320 (24.5%)		105 (24.5%)	37 (29.4%)	215 (24.0%)
>25	100 (68.5%)	931 (71.3%)		299 (69.7%)	83 (65.9%)	649 (72.4%)
AAI/IVCI			0.210				0.089
AAI	67 (45.9%)	572 (43.8%)		211 (49.2%)	53 (42.1%)	375 (41.8%)
IVCI	76 (52.1%)	663 (50.8%)		196 (45.7%)	69 (54.8%)	474 (52.8%)
Both	3 (2.1%)	71 (5.4%)		22 (5.1%)	4 (3.2%)	48 (5.4%)
Associated injury regions
(1) Head/neck			0.985				0.369
	9 (6.2%)	80 (6.1%)		31 (7.2%)	5 (4.0%)	53 (5.9%)
(2) Face			0.636				0.538
	0 (0.0%)	2 (0.2%)		0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (0.2%)
(3) Chest			0.508				0.974
	78 (53.4%)	660 (50.5%)		220 (51.3%)	64 (50.8%)	454 (50.6%)
(4) Abdomen			—				—
	146 (100.0%)	1306 (100.0%)		429 (100.0%)	126 (100.0%)	897 (100.0%)
(5) Extremities			0.118				0.591
	20 (13.7%)	248 (19.0%)		81 (18.9%)	19 (15.1%)	168 (18.7%)
(6) External			0.179				0.595
	0 (0.0%)	16 (1.2%)		3 (0.7%)	2 (1.6%)	11 (1.2%)
Complications			0.610				0.005
Discharged to facility			0.375				0.151
	0 (0.0%)	7 (0.5%)		1 (0.2%)	2 (1.6%)	4 (0.4%)
Died under care			0.002				0.364
	88 (60.3%)	612 (46.9%)		219 (51.0%)	58 (46.0%)	423 (47.2%)
Complications
DVT			0.437				0.870
	4 (2.7%)	53 (4.1%)		16 (3.7%)	6 (4.8%)	35 (3.9%)
Cardiac arrest			0.194				0.002
	23 (15.8%)	157 (12.0%)		56 (13.1%)	3 (2.4%)	121 (13.5%)
Intubation			0.877				0.256
	4 (2.7%)	33 (2.5%)		10 (2.3%)	6 (4.8%)	21 (2.3%)
Kidney			0.717				0.362
	7 (4.8%)	72 (5.5%)		20 (4.7%)	10 (7.9%)	49 (5.5%)
Sepsis			0.224				0.923
	5 (3.4%)	25 (1.9%)		8 (1.9%)	3 (2.4%)	19 (2.1%)

AAI: abdominal aorta injury, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale, GSW: gunshot wound, ICU: intensive care unit, ISS: injury severity score, IVCI: inferior vena cava injury, LOS: length of stay, MVA: motor vehicle accidents, and SBP: systolic blood pressure.