Research Article

Association between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Paralytic Intestinal Obstruction: Retrospective Data Analysis Based on the MIMIC-III Database

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study population.

CharacteristicRDW (%) tertile value
Low (12.0–14.1)Middle (14.2–15.7)High (15.8–23.0)

Number, n256257260
RDW start13.5 (0.5)14.9 (0.4)17.7 (1.7)<0.001
Age (years)60.4 (17.4)65.7 (15.7)62.3 (14.7)<0.001
Sex, n (%)0.797
 Male166 (64.8)168 (65.4)163 (62.7)
 Female90 (35.2)89 (34.6)97 (37.3)
Admission type, n (%)0.003
 Emergency192 (75.0)174 (67.7)210 (80.8)
 Elective64 (25.0)83 (32.3)50 (19.2)
Ethnicity, n (%)0.047
 White183 (71.5)201 (78.2)181 (69.6)
 Asian12 (4.7)6 (2.3)4 (1.5)
 Black25 (9.8)15 (5.8)31 (11.9)
 Others36 (14.1)35 (13.6)44 (16.9)
SBP (mmHg)120.8 (17.1)117.9 (16.7)115.4 (16.8)0.002
DBP (mmHg)63.7 (10.4)60.4 (10.0)59.8 (10.4)<0.001
Laboratory parameters
 Hematocrit (%)33.3 (5.4)31.4 (4.8)29.6 (4.7)<0.001
 Serum potassium (mEq/L)4.1 (0.6)4.2 (0.6)4.2 (0.6)0.542
 BUN (mg/dL)17.0 (12.9–25.9)21.0 (14.0–32.3)26.2 (16.0–44.5)<0.001
 White blood cell count (K/uL)11.2 (8.9–15.2)11.5 (8.3–15.5)10.1 (6.3–16.9)0.388
 Platelet count (K/uL)208.5 (160.6–269.2)209.0 (142.0–286.0)177.8 (94.2–272.4)0.009
 Hemoglobin (g/dL)11.4 (1.9)10.6 (1.7)9.9 (1.6)<0.001
 Serum glucose (mg/dL)142.4 (46.4)139.9 (66.4)137.0 (45.8)0.526
 Serum creatinine (mg/dL)0.9 (0.8–1.2)1.1 (0.8–1.7)1.2 (0.8–2.1)<0.001
 Serum anion gap (mEq/L)13.2 (3.3)13.6 (3.3)15.0 (4.1)<0.001
Scoring systems
 APS III43.4 (20.3)50.3 (21.5)58.5 (22.6)<0.001
 OASIS32.1 (9.2)33.6 (8.7)34.7 (9.1)0.003
 qSOFA1.8 (0.7)1.8 (0.7)1.9 (0.7)0.218
 MLODS2.0 (1.0–4.0)3.0 (2.0–5.0)4.0 (2.0–5.0)<0.001
Comorbidities
Congestive heart failure, n (%)<0.001
 No225 (87.9)210 (81.7)180 (69.2)
 Yes31 (12.1)47 (18.3)80 (30.8)
Hypertension, n (%)0.004
 No238 (93.0)223 (86.8)217 (83.5)
 Yes18 (7.0)34 (13.2)43 (16.5)
Renal failure, n (%)<0.001
 No237 (92.6)218 (84.8)204 (78.5)
 Yes19 (7.4)39 (15.2)56 (21.5)
Liver disease, n (%)<0.001
 No249 (97.3)237 (92.2)201 (77.3)
 Yes7 (2.7)20 (7.8)59 (22.7)
Coagulopathy, n (%)<0.001
 No231 (90.2)212 (82.5)162 (62.3)
 Yes25 (9.8)45 (17.5)98 (37.7)
Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%)0.545
 No200 (78.1)205 (79.8)197 (75.8)
 Yes56 (21.9)52 (20.2)63 (24.2)
Pulmonary circulation disease, n (%)0.008
 No246 (96.1)241 (93.8)232 (89.2)
 Yes10 (3.9)16 (6.2)28 (10.8)
Time in ICU (days)3.8 (2.0–9.4)3.8 (2.0–9.0)4.0 (2.0–8.1)0.504
Time in hospital (days)13.3 (9.2–22.0)14.7 (9.9–23.9)17.9 (10.5–32.0)<0.001

Notes: normally distributed data are presented as the mean (SD) (analysis of variance); nonnormally distributed data are presented as median (IQR) (nonparametric Wilcoxon test); categorical variables are presented as n (%) (Chi-square test). Abbreviations: RDW, red cell distribution width; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; APS III, acute physiology score III; OASIS, Oxford acute severity of illness score; qSOFA, quick sequential organ failure assessment score; MLODS, modified logistic organ dysfunction system; ICU, intensive care unit; SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile ranges.