Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Mortality of Patients Presenting with Moderate and Severe Hyponatremia in Emergency Departments

Table 3

Logistic regression analysis of the study variables for severe hyponatremia.

Variables	Odds ratio	95% CI lower	Upper	value
Age group				0.003
<65	0.42	0.23	0.74
>65	1	Reference
Clinical presentation
Gastrointestinal symptoms	1.97	0.94	4.14	0.07
Neurological symptoms	1.42	0.57	3.57	0.46
Muscular symptoms	2.05	0.74	5.69	0.17
Two concomitant symptoms	3.69	1.61	8.48	0.002
Three concomitant symptoms	2.23	0.49	10.05	0.3
Asymptomatic	1	Reference
B blocker use				0.14
No	0.53	0.23	1.24
Yes	1	Reference
Spironolactone use				0.05
No	0.43	0.18	0.95
Yes	1	Reference
Proton pump inhibitors				0.02
No	0.38	0.17	0.88
Yes	1	Reference
Gabapentin use				0.83
No	0.1.157	0.37	4.22
Yes	1	Reference
ACEi/ARBs’ use				0.03
No	0.26	0.075	0.87
Yes	1	Reference
Admission outcome				0.04
Admission	11.25	1.10	114.78
Discharge home	1	Reference