Comparison of Clinical Characteristics, Therapy, and Short-Term Prognosis between Blunt and Penetrating Abdominal Trauma: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 2

Clinical characteristics of enrolled abdominal trauma patients.

	All patients	Penetrating abdominal trauma	Blunt abdominal trauma	PAT vs BAT
				value
Age (years, n%)
<18	38 (6.87)	13 (7.65)	25 (6.53)	0.002
18–44	339 (61.31)	122 (71.77)	217 (56.66)
45–59	124 (22.42)	27 (15.88)	97 (25.33)
>59	52 (9.40)	8 (4.70)	44 (11.49)
Sex
Male	481 (86.80)	151 (88.82)	330 (86.16)	0.391
Female	72 (13.20)	19 (11.18)	53 (13.84)
Injury factor (n%)
Traffic accident injury	225 (40.69)	5(2.94)	220 (57.44)	0.001
High fall injury	71 (12.84)	6 (3.53)	65 (16.97)
Mechanical injury	25 (4.52)	10 (5.88)	15 (3.92)
Sharps injury	137 (24.77)	137 (80.59)	0
Fall injury	29 (5.24)	1 (0.59)	28 (7.31)
Firearm injury	8 (1.45)	8 (4.71)	0
Other violent injuries	58 (10.49)	3 (1.76)	55 (14.36)
AIS value (n%)
1	44 (7.96)	23 (13.52)	21 (5.48)	0.019
2	160 (28.93)	47 (27.65)	113 (29.50)
3	287 (51.90)	79 (46.47)	208 (54.31)
4	54 (9.76)	19 (11.18)	35 (9.14)
5	8 (1.45)	2 (1.18)	6 (1.57)
Severe abdominal trauma (AIS ≥ 4, n%)
AIS < 4	491 (88.79)	149 (87.65)	342 (89.30)	0.570
AIS ≥ 4	62 (11.21)	21 (12.35)	41 (10.70)
ISS value (n%)
<16	209 (55.70)	112 (72.26)	97 (44.09)	0.001
16–25	134 (35.70)	38 (24.52)	96 (43.64)
>25	32 (8.60)	5 (3.23)	27 (12.27)
Initial systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	119 (100–136)	118.5 (101–113.30	120 (99–137)	0.853
Initial heart rates	104.70 ± 20.23	105.4 ± 19.99	103.00 ± 20.73	0.187
Initial hemoglobin (mg/dl)	121 (101–142.50)	130 (111.50–147.00)	118 (99.00–139.00)	0.001
Lactate (mmol/L)	2.40 (1.50–3.45)	2.50 (1.38–3.70)	2.30 (1.60–3.40)	0.780
Potential of hydrogen (PH)	7.32 ± 0.13	7.32 (7.22–7.40)	7.31 ± 0.13	0.680
Hemodynamic stability (n%)	476	134	342
Solid organ injury	282	61	221	0.001
Hollow viscus injury	158	60	98
Solid & hollow organ injury	36	13	23
Hemodynamic instability (n%)	62	21	41
Solid organ injury	28	8	20	0.718
Hollow viscus injury	28	11	17
Solid & hollow organ injury	6	2	4
Laparoscopy surgery (n%)	65 (18.11)	28 (16.47)	37 (9.66)	0.044
Mortality (n%)	66 (11.93)	18 (10.59)	48 (12.53)	0.335
Complications (n%)	59 (10.66)	13 (7.65)	46 (12.01)	0.164