Comparison of Clinical Characteristics, Therapy, and Short-Term Prognosis between Blunt and Penetrating Abdominal Trauma: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 4

Univariate and multivariate analyses for 90 days survival after abdominal trauma.

Factor	Univariate analysis		value	Multivariate analysis		value
	HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI
Sex			0.813
Male	1.00
Female	1.09	0.54–2.20
Age (y)
<18	1.00			1.00
18–44	1.65	0.40–6.91	0.491	0.94	0.22–4.02	0.932
45–59	2.82	0.66-12.05	0.163	1.58	0.36–6.90	0.542
>59	4.86	1.10–21.52	0.037	2.66	0.59-12.12	0.205
Injury factor
Traffic accident injury	1.00
High-fall injury	0.69	0.31–1.57	0.378
Mechanical injury	0.87	0.27–2.86	0.823
Sharp-objects injury	0.59	0.30–1.17	0.132
Fall injury	0.74	0.23–2.42	0.619
Firearm injury	3.19	0.98-10.43	0.054
Other violent injuries	0.78	0.35–1.77	0.557
Prehospital transit-time	0.93	0.59–1.47	0.760
Injury-reginal hospital time	1.01	1.01–1.02	0.025	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.008
Preoperative time	0.99	0.95–1.03	0.518
AIS value
<4	1.00
≥4	2.37	1.31–4.28	0.004
ISS value
<16	1.00			1.00
16–25	1.21	0.68–2.18	0.515	0.79	0.43–1.44	0.437
>25	4.55	2.38–8.72	0.001	2.78	1.38–5.60	0.004
Trauma category
PAT	1.00
BAT	0.85	0.49–1.45	0.545
Multiple injuries
Yes	3.25	1.61–6.57	0.001
No	1.00
Surgery treatment
Yes	1.23	0.92–1.65	0.170
No	1.00
ICU treatment
Yes	2.23	1.67–2.98	0.001	4.69	2.54–8.65	0.001
No	1.00			1.00
Reoperation
Yes	2.79	1.12–6.91	0.027
No	1.00