Strategies for Oxygen Ecosystems in Middle-Income Countries: A Review and Case Study from Lebanon

Figure 2

Oxygen ecosystem: four requirements for health impact. 1a: Establish policies such as national oxygen roadmaps and national oxygen committees to enable context-appropriate planning of the oxygen ecosystem. 1b: Gather information about the need, access, and provision of oxygen to guide policy and planning. 2a: Produce sufficient oxygen for the needs of the population. 2b: Maintain safe, efficient, and sustainable oxygen production and integrate the oxygen ecosystem with the rest of the health system. 3a: Establish reliable oxygen delivery systems within health facilities. 3b: Maintain safe, efficient, continuous, and sustainable oxygen delivery systems in health facilities and integrate with the rest of the facility. 4a: Treat patients with oxygen effectively and appropriately. 4b: Treat oxygen-requiring patients with the other essential care they need. 4c: Ensure the clinical use of oxygen is sustainable and integrated with other care provision.