Influence of the Main Border Faults on the 3D Hydraulic Field of the Central Upper Rhine Graben

Table 1

Physical properties used for the coupled thermo-hydraulic simulations (UC = upper crust).

Model unit	Prevailing lithology	Matrix porosity	Matrix permeability [m^2]	Specific heat capacity [J/(kg K)]	Matrix thermal conductivity [W/(mK)]	Radiogenic heat production [μW/m^3]	Matrix density [kg/m^3]
Cenozoic	Marl, sand, and clay [32]	0.18 [16, 33–36]	[13, 16, 29, 33, 35, 37]	860 [38]	1.3 [39]	1.0 [34]	2585 [24]
Dogger/Lias/Keuper	Clay, marlstone, limestone, and sandstone [39, 40]	0.04 [37]	[35, 37]	800 [34, 41]	2.6 [39]	1.6 [34]	2667 [24]
Pre-Keuper (Muschelkalk/Buntsandstein/Permo-Carboniferous)	Carbonates, sandstone, and rhyolites [33, 39, 40]	0.08 [16, 33, 35, 37, 39]	[14, 29, 33, 35, 37, 39, 42]	725 [33, 34, 43]	2.9 [33, 39]	1.0 [34]	2780 [24]
UC: Mid-German Crystalline High	Granitoids [33, 44]	0.01 [34]	[37]	755 [33]	2.4 [33]	1.8 [45]	2717 [24]
UC: Saxothuringian	Slate, granitoids [46, 47]	0.01 [34]	[37]	900 [34]	2.5 [48]	2.5 [47]	2747 [24]
UC: Moldanubian	Gneiss, granitoids [45, 49]	0.01 [34]	[37]	900 [34]	2.5 [50]	2.6 [51]	2707 [24]