Characterization of Discontinuity and Mechanical Anisotropy of Shale Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics

Table 4

Material parameters of shale used in the simulations.

Parameter items	Values
The initial out-of-plane elastic modulus () (GPa)	32.41
The initial in-plane elastic modulus () (GPa)	35.49
The in-plane Poisson ratio ()	0.21
The out-of-plane Poisson ratio ()	0.22
The initial tensile strength () (MPa)	14
The residual tensile strength () (MPa)	2
The initial compressive strength () (MPa)	150
The residual compressive strength () (MPa)	30
The fraction angle relative parameter () (°)	58.98
The initial mean tensile strength () (MPa)	5.05
The dilation angle relative parameter () (°)	48
The material parameter () (mm)	0.003
The initial bedding damage variable ()	0.3