Performance Evaluation of Polyethersulfone Membranes for Competitive Removal of Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from Simulated Groundwater

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Membrane symbol</td><td class="align_center">PES content (%)</td><td class="align_center">Average pore size (nm)</td><td class="align_center">Pore size distribution (nm)</td><td class="align_center">Porosity (%)</td><td class="align_center">Outside diameter (<i>μ</i>m)</td><td class="align_center">Inside diameter (<i>μ</i>m)</td><td class="align_center">Membrane thickness (<i>μ</i>m)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">PES1</td><td class="align_center">29</td><td class="align_center">52.04</td><td class="align_center">25–100</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 50.8374ptpx;"><svg height="8.69875pt" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 50.8374 8.69875" width="50.8374pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)"><path d="M412 140C382 77 369 73 315 73H129L270 222C362 320 402 379 402 466C402 571 322 635 234 635C177 635 130 609 99 576L42 495L64 475C90 514 133 568 201 568C274 568 318 519 318 435C318 349 255 267 193 193C144 135 87 78 32 23V0H405C417 45 427 89 440 131L412 140Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.48,0)"><path d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.444,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 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<div>The characteristics of the polyethersulfone (PES) membrane texture.</div>

Geofluids

tab1

Table 1

Table 1: Performance Evaluation of Polyethersulfone Membranes for Competitive Removal of Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from Simulated Groundwater 

Geofluids

Performance Evaluation of Polyethersulfone Membranes for Competitive Removal of Cd2+, Co2+, and Pb2+ Ions from Simulated Groundwater

Table 1

Performance Evaluation of Polyethersulfone Membranes for Competitive Removal of Cd²⁺, Co²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Ions from Simulated Groundwater