In Situ Monitoring and Numerical Experiments on Vertical Deformation Profiles of Large-Scale Underground Caverns in Giant Hydropower Stations

Figure 8

Distance-response intensity curves representing vertical distance of the working face versus unloading response.

(a) Type II homogeneous rock

(b) Type II homogeneous rock with support fissure

(c) Rock with gentle fissure

(d) Rock with steep fissure

(e) Rock with soft interlayer

(f) Rock at intersection