Discrete Element Simulation Analysis of the Bending and Toppling Failure Mechanisms of High Rock Slopes

Figure 7

Slope collapse under different excavation conditions.

(a) Overall slope toppling failure in the current form

(b) Partial toppling failure of the slope in its present form

(c) Toppling failure of the first excavated slope

(d) Partial toppling failure of the first excavated slope

(e) Entire toppling failure of the second excavation slope

(f) Partial toppling failure of the second excavation slope

(g) Overall dumping failure of the final boundary

(h) Local conditions of slope toppling failure