Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Shear Strength and Secondary Particle Breakage of Coarse Sand with Different Dry Densities

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Dry density (<i>ρ</i><sub>d</sub>/g/m<sup>3</sup>)</td><td class="align_center">1.29</td><td class="align_center">1.35</td><td class="align_center">1.40</td><td class="align_center">1.45</td><td class="align_center">1.50</td><td class="align_center">1.55</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Angle of internal friction (<i>φ</i>/°)</td><td class="align_center">32.6</td><td class="align_center">36.9</td><td class="align_center">39.9</td><td class="align_center">41.4</td><td class="align_center">43.3</td><td class="align_center">45.1</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Force of cohesion (c/kPa)</td><td class="align_center">25.8</td><td class="align_center">10</td><td class="align_center">-17.2</td><td class="align_center">-9.2</td><td class="align_center">-44.7</td><td class="align_center">-46.6</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Internal friction angle and cohesion at different dry densities.</div>

Geofluids

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Shear Strength and Secondary Particle Breakage of Coarse Sand with Different Dry Densities 