The Effect of Fracture Surface Roughness and Mechanical Aperture on the Onset of Nonlinear Flow Behaviors in 3D Self-Affine Rough Fractures

Figure 4

The relationship between the flow rate and hydraulic gradient at different mechanical apertures, taking as an example: (a) 0.2 mm; (b) 0.4 mm; (c) 0.6 mm; (d) 0.8 mm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)