Simulation and Prediction of Injection Pressure in CO₂ Geological Sequestration Based on Improved LSO Algorithm and BP Neural Networks

Table 2

Description of 8 benchmark functions.

No.	Function	Formulation
F1	Sphere		30	[−100,100]	(0,…,0)
F2	SumSquares		30	[−10,10]	(0,…,0)
F3	Easom		2	[−100,100]	(π, π)
F4	Trid 6		6	[−36,36]	(6,10,12,12,10,6)
F5	Booth		2	[−10,10]	(1,3)
F6	Rastrigin		30	[−5.12,5.12]	(0,…,0)
F7	Shubert		2	[−10,10]	—
F8	Ackley		30	[−32,32]	(0,…,0)