Cost-Effectiveness of Rifaximin-α versus Lactulose for the Treatment of Recurrent Episodes of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

PICOS criteria for inclusion of studies.

	Inclusion
Population	HE (types A, B, or C)
Intervention	Rifaximin-α, antibiotics such as neomycin, metronidazole, vancomycin, and lactulose (+ rifaximin-α), LOLA, and lactitol
Control	Lactulose monotherapy
Outcomes of interest	ICER or incremental cost and outcomes data
Study design	Cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, cost-benefit, or cost-minimisation analyses; budget impact models; cost surveys; cost/economic burden of illness studies; database studies collecting cost data; or studies providing resource use data
Language	English

Abbreviations: HE: hepatic encephalopathy; ICER: incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; LOLA: L-ornithine L-aspartate; PICOS: population, intervention, control, outcomes of interest, study design, language.