Worldwide Incidence of Colorectal Cancer, Leukemia, and Lymphoma in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies of CRC in IBD.

(a)

Author

Journal

Publication year

Study design

Study population

Region of origin

Number of sites

Study duration (yrs)

Person-years

Number of patients

Diagnosis

Mean age (yrs)

Female (%)

Mean disease duration (yrs)

Surgery (%)

Askling  et  al.  [25]

Gastroenterology

2001

Cohort

National registry

Europe (Western)

Countrywide

54

169,332; 91,833; 77,499

19,459; 8,810; 10,649

IBD; CD; UC

48.6; 53.0; 45.0

Bernstein  et  al.  [24]

Cancer

2001

Case-control

Administrative claims

Canada

Regionwide

14

41,005; 21,340; 19,665

5,529; 2,857; 2,672

IBD; CD; UC

39.0; 36.3; 41.7

54.5; 59.0; 50.0

Farrell  et  al.  [26]

Gut

2000

Cohort

Referral center

Europe (Western)

1

9

6,256

782

IBD

44.1

52.0

10.0

Fraser  et  al.  [18]

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

2002

Cohort

Referral center

Europe (Western)

Countywide

35

55,388; 20,494; 34,894

1,578; 584; 994

IBD; CD; UC

35.0

53.0

Gillen  et  al.  [27]

Gut

1994

Cohort

Referral center

Europe (Western)

Countrywide

30

12,324; 2,320; 10,004

611; 125; 486

IBD; CD; UC

Herrinton  et  al.  [28]

Gastroenterology

2012

Cohort

Administrative claims

United States

Countywide

12

61,793; 28,469; 33,324

14,875; 5,053; 9,822

IBD; CD; UC

61.8; 62.4; 61.1

Hou  et  al. [29]

Inflamm Bowel Dis

2012

Cohort

National registry

United States

Countrywide

11

112,243

20,949

UC

61.6

5.0

5.0

Jess  et  al. [7]

Gastroenterology

2012

Cohort

National registry

Europe (Western)

Countywide

29

385,608; 130,391; 255,217

47,374; 14,463; 32,911

IBD; CD; UC

40.3; 35.7; 44.9

55.0; 57.0; 53.0

Jess  et  al. [39]

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

2004

Cohort

Regional registry

Europe (Western)

Regionwide

35

6,569

374

CD

58.0

Jussila  et  al. [10]

Scand J Gastroenterol

2013

Cohort

National registry

Europe (Western)

Countrywide

23

232,536; 51,876; 180,660

20,970; 4,983; 15,987

IBD; CD; UC

Lakatos  et  al. [38]

Inflamm Bowel Dis

2006

Cohort

Provincial registry

Europe (Eastern)

7

11

8,564

723

UC

49.0

47.0

10.0

Lakatos  et  al. [30]

J Crohn’s Colitis

2011

Cohort

Provincial registry

Europe (Eastern)

7

31

5,758

506

CD

31.5

50.4

31.0

Lennard-Jones  et  al. [31]

Gut

1990

Cohort

Surveillance

Europe (Western)

1

21

4,048

401

UC

42.6

Lovasz  et  al.  [32]

J Gastroenterol Liver Dis

2013

Cohort

Provincial registry

Europe (Eastern)

Regionwide

34

7,759

640

CD

28.0

49.8

11.0

38.4

Manninen  et  al.  [11]

J Crohn’s Colitis

2013

Cohort

Referral center

Europe (Western)

1

21

22,900; 7,265; 15,635

1,804; 551; 1,253

IBD; CD; UC

33.0; 30.0; 34.0

47.0; 51.0; 45.0

13.5; 13.0; 13.1

46.0

Mellemkjær  et  al.  [33]

Cancer Causes Control

2000

Cohort

National registry

Europe (Western)

Countrywide

16

22,875

2,645

CD

50.0

Mizushima  et  al.  [21]

Digestion

2010

Cohort

Referral center

Asia

1

20

4,248

294

CD

39.0

30.6

Palli  et  al.  [22]

Gastroenterology

2000

Cohort

Regional registry

Europe (Western)

1

19

10,592; 2,716; 7,877

920; 231; 689

IBD; CD; UC

Pasternak  et  al.    [34]

Am J Epidemiology

2013

Cohort

National registry

Europe (Western)

Countrywide

11

304,992

38,772

IBD

47.0

55.0

4.0

Selinger  et  al. [13]

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

2014

Cohort

Referral center

Australia/New Zealand

2

15

13,423; 5,417; 8,006

881; 377; 504

IBD; CD; UC

31.5; 29.0; 34.0

53.1; 59.1; 47.1

van  Schaik    et  al. [35]

Gut

2012

Cohort

National registry

Europe (Western)

Countrywide

8

4,864

835

IBD

43.0

57.0

2.9

Venkataraman  et  al.    [36]

Australian J Gastroenterol Hepatol

2005

Cohort

Referral center

Asia

1

25

4,901

532

UC

36.8

6.0

8.8

Wandall  et  al.   [37]

Scand J Gastroenterol

2000

Cohort

Regional registry

Europe (Western)

Regionwide

25

8,101

801

UC

41.0

44.8

10.1

15.9

Winther  et  al.    [19]

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

2004

Cohort

Regional registry

Europe (Western)

Regionwide

35

22,290

1,160

UC

53.4

Yano  et  al.  [14]

J Gastroenterol Hepatol

2013

Cohort

Referral center

Asia

1

25

10,552

770

CD

25.1

31.3

13.1

Did not report separate incidence estimates for CD and UC.

(b)

Author	Journal	Publication year	PSC (%)	Pancolitis (%)	Immunomodulator use (%)	Biologic use (%)	Observed number of CRCs	Incidence rate (per 100,000 persons)	Standard error	95% CI lower bound	95% CI upper bound	Bias rating
Askling et al. [25]	Gastroenterology	2001		10.3; 17.0; 4.8			143; 40; 103	84.4; 43.6; 132.9	7.1; 6.9; 13.1	70.6; 30.1; 107.2	98.2; 57.1; 158.6	Moderate
Bernstein et al. [24]	Cancer	2001			0.0; 0.0; 0.0	0.0; 0.0; 0.0	60; 24; 36	146.3; 112.5; 183.1	18.9; 23.0; 30.5	109.3; 67.5; 123.3	183.3; 157.5; 242.9	Moderate
Farrell et al. [26]	Gut	2000		26.0	30.0		3	48.0	27.7	−6.3	102.3	Moderate
Fraser et al. [18]	Aliment Pharmacol Ther	2002		30.0	0.0; 0.0; 0.0	0.0; 0.0; 0.0	23; 4; 19	41.5; 19.5; 54.5	8.7; 9.8; 12.5	24.5; 0.4; 30.0	58.5; 38.6; 79.0	Moderate
Gillen et al. [27]	Gut	1994					37; 8; 29	300.2; 344.9; 289.9	49.4; 121.9; 53.8	203.5; 105.9; 184.4	396.9; 583.9; 395.4	Moderate
Herrinton et al. [28]	Gastroenterology	2012					82; 29; 53	132.7; 101.9; 159.0	14.7; 18.9; 21.8	104.0; 64.8; 116.2	161.4; 139.0; 201.8	Moderate
Hou et al. [29]	Inflamm Bowel Dis	2012					183	163.0	12.0	139.4	186.6	Moderate
Jess et al. [7]	Gastroenterology	2012					338; 70; 268	87.7; 53.7; 105.0	4.8; 6.4; 6.4	78.4; 41.1; 92.4	97.0; 66.3; 117.6	Moderate
Jess et al. [39]	Aliment Pharmacol Ther	2004					4	60.9	30.4	1.2	120.6	Moderate
Jussila et al. [10]	Scand J Gastroenterol	2013					189; 32; 157	81.3; 61.7; 86.9	5.9; 10.9; 6.9	69.7; 40.3; 73.3	92.9; 83.1; 100.5	Moderate
Lakatos et al. [38]	Inflamm Bowel Dis	2006	2.9	25.8			13	151.8	42.1	69.3	234.3	Moderate
Lakatos et al. [30]	J Crohn’s Colitis	2011	1.8				5	86.8	38.8	10.7	162.9	Moderate
Lennard-Jones et al. [31]	Gut	1990					22	543.5	115.9	316.4	770.6	Moderate
Lovasz et al. [32]	J Gastroenterol Liver Dis	2013	0.9	34.5	47.2	7.7	6	77.3	31.6	15.4	139.2	Moderate
Manninen et al. [11]	J Crohn’s Colitis	2013	2.5; 1.1; 3.2	43.2; 37.7; 49.4			21; 5; 16	91.7; 68.8; 102.3	20.0; 30.8; 25.6	52.5; 8.5; 52.2	130.9; 129.1; 152.4	Moderate
Mellemkjær et al. [33]	Cancer Causes Control	2000					15	65.6	16.9	32.4	98.8	Moderate
Mizushima et al. [21]	Digestion	2010		12.4			6	141.2	57.6	28.2	254.2	Moderate
Palli et al. [22]	Gastroenterology	2000					12; 2; 10	113.0; 73.6; 127.0	32.6; 52.0; 40.2	49.1; −28.4; 48.3	176.9; 175.6; 205.7	Moderate
Pasternak et al. [34]	Am J Epidemiology	2013			0.0	0.0	380	124.6	6.4	112.1	137.1	Moderate
Selinger et al. [13]	Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol	2014		38.4; 37.4; 39.1			29; 5; 24	216.0; 92.3; 299.8	40.1; 41.3; 61.2	137.4; 11.4; 179.9	294.6; 173.2; 419.7	Moderate
van Schaik et al. [35]	Gut	2012		29.0	0.0	0.0	9	185.0	61.7	64.1	305.9	Moderate
Venkataraman et al. [36]	Australian J Gastroenterol Hepatol	2005		44.0			5	102.0	45.6	12.6	191.4	Moderate
Wandall et al. [37]	Scand J Gastroenterol	2000		18.0			6	74.1	30.3	14.8	133.4	Moderate
Winther et al. [19]	Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol	2004		54.0			13	58.3	16.2	26.6	90.0	Moderate
Yano et al. [14]	J Gastroenterol Hepatol	2013		14.7			9	85.3	28.4	29.6	141.0	Moderate