Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Phenotype, Metformin, and Survival for Colorectal Cancer Patients with Diabetes Mellitus II

Table 3

Kaplan-Meier analysis for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Variable	Category	Recurrence			Death
		Yes	No		Yes	No
Age (year)	≤50	7	8	0.942	6	9	0.758
	>50	39	48		31	56
Gender	Female	14	21	0.775	11	24	0.562
	Male	32	35		26	41
Drinking history	Yes	5	15	0.080	4	16	0.098
	No	41	41		33	49
Smoking history	Yes	12	18	0.324	9	21	0.152
	No	34	38		28	44
Family history	Yes	3	4	0.786	3	4	0.973
	No	43	52		34	61
BMI (kg/m^2)	≤25	22	31	0.633	20	33	0.598
	>25	24	25		17	32
CEA (ng/ml)	≤5	23	35	0.279	18	39	0.650
	>5	23	21		19	26
CA19-9 (U/ml)	≤35	32	51	0.006	25	59	0.005
	>35	14	5		12	6
Sulfonylurea	Yes	19	28	0.268	15	32	0.371
	No	27	28		22	33
Insulin	Yes	18	17	0.293	14	21	0.486
	No	28	39		23	44
Metformin	Yes	7	21	0.003	6	22	0.004
	No	39	35		31	43
Site	Right	7	12	0.460	6	13	0.876
	Transverse	3	2		2	3
	Left	1	5		1	5
	Sigmoid	8	11		7	12
	Rectum	27	26		21	32
Adjuvant chemotherapy	Yes	25	24	0.243	20	29	0.321
	No	21	32		17	36
Histologic grade	I-II	39	46	0.992	31	54	0.866
	III	7	10		6	11
T	T1–3	17	35	0.004	13	39	0.010
	T4	29	21		24	26
N	N0	17	43	<0.001	14	46	<0.001
	N1-2	29	13		23	19
E-cadherin	Positive	15	34	0.001	12	37	0.003
	Negative	31	22		25	28
Vimentin	Positive	31	24	0.019	26	29	0.012
	Negative	15	32		11	36