The Prevalence and Determinants of Hepatic Steatosis Assessed by Controlled Attenuation Parameter in Thai Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the patients.
Variables
Patients with hepatic steatosis ()
Patients without hepatic steatosis ()
Total patients ()
value
Age, mean (SD) (y)
52.83 (10.43)
55.15 (9.07)
54.52 (9.49)
0.129
Male sex, (%)
33 (62.3)
94 (65.3)
127 (64.5)
0.695
Liver stiffness, mean (SD) (kPa)
21.47 (18.48)
21.52 (14.44)
21.50 (15.58)
0.985
F0-1, (%)
2 (3.8)
4 (2.7)
6 (3.1)
0.831
F2, (%)
14 (26.4)
43 (29.9)
57 (28.9)
F3, (%)
4 (7.5)
8 (5.6)
12 (6.1)
F4, (%)
33 (62.3)
89 (61.8)
122 (61.9)
BMI
<0.001
<23, (%)
7 (13.2)
65 (45.1)
72 (36.6)
23-24.9, (%)
6 (11.3)
38 (26.4)
44 (22.3)
≥25, (%)
40 (75.5)
41 (28.5)
81 (41.1)
Mean (SD) (kg/m2)
27.51 (4.21)
23.61 (3.82)
24.66 (4.28)
Comorbid diseases, (%)
Hypertension
14 (26.4)
25 (17.4)
39 (19.8)
0.157
Diabetes mellitus
13 (24.5)
13 (9.0)
26 (13.2)
0.004
Dyslipidemia
2 (3.8)
15 (10.4)
17 (8.6)
0.165
HCV genotype, (%)
0.927
1
19 (35.9)
56 (38.9)
75 (38.1)
3
22 (41.5)
57 (39.6)
79 (40.1)
6
12 (22.6)
31 (21.5)
43 (21.8)
HCV RNA, median (range) (IU/mL)
1,594,418 (5,824-10,213,198)
1,021,978 (10,134-20,436,840)
1,100,000 (5,824-20,436,840)
0.810
<6,000,000 IU/mL, (%)
46 (86.8)
128 (88.9)
174 (88.3)
0.684
≥6,000,000 IU/mL, (%)
7 (13.2)
16 (11.1)
23 (11.7)
Biochemical markers
Total bilirubin, median (range) (mg/dL)
0.81 (0.11-2.77)
0.73 (0.28-2.76)
0.76 (0.11-2.77)
0.941
AST, median (range) (U/L)
63 (24-164)
80 (23-199)
74 (23-199)
0.009
ALT, median (range) (U/L)
71 (20-194)
80 (16-195)
77 (16-195)
0.401
ALP, median (range) (U/L)
86 (51-206)
90 (38-243)
89 (38-243)
0.010
Albumin, median (range) (g/dL)
4.50 (2.30-5.40)
4.30 (2.90-5.50)
4.30 (2.30-5.50)
0.052
INR, median (range)
1.04 (0.90-1.54)
1.08 (0.92-1.39)
1.07 (0.90-1.54)
0.126
WBC, median (range) (/mm3)
6,530 (2,300-11,820)
6,110 (2,570-12,170)
6,220 (2,300-12,170)
0.238
Hemoglobin, mean (SD) (g/dL)
13.73 (1.73)
13.40 (1.64)
13.49 (1.67)
0.223
Platelet, mean (SD) (×109/L)
176.49 (61.99)
169.75 (79.57)
171.56 (75.15)
0.578
Creatinine, mean (SD) (mg/dL)
0.90 (0.40)
0.91 (0.37)
0.91 (0.38)
0.529
FIB-4 score†, median (range)
2.53 (0.47-13.32)
3.25 (0.67-18.65)
2.97 (0.47-18.65)
0.012
Low risk
11 (20.7)
15 (10.4)
26 (13.2)
Indeterminate risk
17 (32.1)
45 (31.3)
62 (31.5)
High risk
25 (47.2)
84 (58.3)
109 (55.3)
VCTE: vibration-controlled transient elastography; dB: decibels; kPa: kilopascal; F: liver fibrosis stage; BMI: body mass index; HCV: hepatitis C virus; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; INR: international normalized ratio; FIB-4: fibrosis-4 index. †Patients who scored <1.3 and >2.67 on FIB-4 were considered low and high risk for advanced fibrosis, respectively.
