Research Article
Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Refractory Crohn’s Disease: An Observational Study
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients and treatment.
| | Characteristic | |
| | Gender | | | Male | 20 (50%) | | Female | 20 (50%) | | Age at HBOT | | | (years) | | | CD duration | | | (years) | | | Montreal classification | | | Age at CD onset | | | A1 (below or equal to 16 years) | 1 (2.5%) | | A2 (17 to 40 years) | 36 (90%) | | A3 (>40 years) | 3 (7.5%) | | Disease location | | | L1 (terminal ileum) | 8 (20%) | | L2 (colon) | 4 (10%) | | L3 (ileocolon) | 28 (70%) | | Disease behavior | | | B1 (nonstricturing nonpenetrating) | 19 (47.5%) | | B2 (structuring) | 8 (20.0%) | | B3 (penetrating) | 13 (32.5%) | | HBOT indication | | | pCD | 24 (60%) | | ECF | 10 (25%) | | PG | 3 (7.5%) | | ECF+PG | 2 (5%) | | ECF+pCD+PG | 1 (2.5%) | | Previous bowel resections | 19 (47.5%) | | Medical therapy (at HBOT) | | | Anti-TNF agents | 40 (100%) | | Azathioprine | 40 (100%) | | Corticosteroids | 3 (7.5%) | | Duration of anti-TNF therapy (at HBOT) | | | (months) | | | Number of HBOT sessions | | | | |
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HBOT: hyperbaric oxygen therapy; SD: standard deviation; pCD: perineal fistulizing Crohn’s disease; ECF: enterocutaneous fistula; PG: pyoderma gangrenosum.
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