Factors of E-Business Adoption in Small and Medium Enterprises: Evidence from Saudi Arabia

Table 1

E-business adoption factors with their source reference.

E-business factors	Reference
Information system/information technology
Security and privacy concern	[37]; [38]; [39].
Facilitating conditions	[40]; [41]; [39].
Compatibility	[42]; [31]; [43].
Perceived ease of use	[7]; [44]
Lack of resources	[42]; [45]; [46]; [47]; [48]; [29].
IT infrastructure	[38]; [49]; [46]; [50]; [22]; [51]; [52]; [17].
Acceptance of e-technology	[53]; [54]; [55].
Internet penetration	[51].
Technological readiness	[45]; [50]; [14]
Technology innovation	[35]; [50]; [56]; [43].
Technology integration	[35]; [14].
Internet skills	[40]; [57]; [17]; [51].
Relative advantages	[7]; [35]; [13]; [58]; [59]; [14].
Firm characteristics/top management support
Perceived usefulness of the e-business	[35]; [60]; [58]; [43].
Perceived financial cost	[54]; [32]; [60]; [43]; [61].
Return on investment	[62]; [61].
Management commitment and support	[7]; [35]; [63].
Top management emphasis	[57]; [46]; [64].
Firm size	[65]; [57]; [66]; [41]; [64].
Centralized decision-making of SME owner/entrepreneur	[32]; [67]; [46]; [47].
E-business know-how	[17].
Firm scope	[57]; [68]; [51].
Age of organization	[52].
Resistant to change behaviour of entrepreneurs	[69]; [55]; [70].
Strategic vision	[35]; [71].
External factors
Government resource support	[35]; [32]; [72]; [60].
Trading partner pressure	[45]; [73].
Competitive pressure	[45]; [13]; [63]; [48]; [59]
Peers and social network	[34]; [73].
Government regulatory support	[72]; [13]; [15].
Consumer willingness	[51].
Individual characteristics
Locus of control	[67]; [74].
Opportunity perception	[60]; [47].
Proentrepreneurial attitude	[56]; [70].
Individual innovativeness	[35]; [75].
CEO’s attitude towards innovation	[57]; [63]; [60]; [76].
CEO e-business knowledge	[57]; [63]; [60].
Other factors
Language	[77]; [32].
Cultural environment	[52].
Socioeconomic environment	[52].
Return on investment	[62]; [61].
Social diffusion of e-business innovation	[38]; [60]; [30]; [29].
IS vendor support	[63].