Association of Social Media Use with Family Connectedness and Parental Monitoring: A Survey Study of Young Adults in Pakistan

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of study participants.

Characteristics	Mean ()/ (%)		value
	Male	Female
Age	22.35 (2.26)	23.14 (2.33)	<.001
Gender	257 (61.19)	163 (38.81)
Currently studying			0.009
Yes	231 (89.88)	132 (80.98)
No	26 (10.12)	31 (19.02)
Lives with family			<.001
Yes	161 (62.65)	140 (85.89)
No	96 (37.35)	23 (14.11)
Access to device(s)			0.04
Computers, no smart phone or tablet	26 (10.12)	10 (6.3)
Computers and smart phones and/or tablet	213 (82.88)	131 (80.37)
No computers, only smart phones and/or tablet	18 (7.0)	22 (13.5)
Access to computers			0.07
No access to computers	18 (7.0)	22 (13.5)
Only shared computer at home and/or work	24 (9.34)	11 (6.75)
PC/laptop +/- shared computer	215 (83.66)	130 (79.75)
Access to smart phones			0.39
Yes	230 (89.49)	150 (92.02)
No	27 (10.51)	13 (7.98)
Social media platforms used			0.67
2–4 platforms	32 (12.45)	17 (10.43)
5–9 platforms	197 (76.65)	131 (80.37)
10+ platforms	28 (10.89)	15 (9.2)
Social media use
Facebook			0.04
Never or rarely	37 (14.4)	36 (22.09)
Sometimes	54 (21.01)	41 (25.15)
Very often or all the time	166 (64.6)	86 (52.77)
YouTube			0.03
Never or rarely	5 (1.95)	4 (2.45)
Sometimes	43 (16.73)	42 (25.77)
Very often or all the time	209 (81.32)	117 (71.78)
WhatsApp			0.17
Never or rarely	6 (2.33)	0 (0)
Sometimes	19 (7.39)	14 (8.59)
Very often or all the time	232 (90.27)	149 (91.42)
Instagram			0.06
Never or rarely	48 (18.68)	16 (9.82)
Sometimes	36 (14.01)	21 (12.88)
Very often or all the time	173 (67.31)	126 (77.3)
Snapchat			<.001
Never or rarely	122 (47.47)	44 (26.99)
Sometimes	39 (15.18)	32 (19.63)
Very often or all the time	96 (37.35)	87 (53.38)