Research Article
Transparency Enhances Positive Perceptions of Social Artificial Intelligence
Table 3
Descriptive statistics of outcome variables.
| | Experimental groups | | Human control | Nontransparent intelligent | Nontransparent machine | Transparent intelligent | Transparent machine |
| | Poststudy perceived AI knowledge | NA | 14.90 (3.90) | 15.07 (3.74) | 16.60 (2.45) | 16.73 (2.43) | | Creepiness | | | | | | | Raw score | 2.65 (1.02) | 2.63 (1.04) | 2.63 (1.10) | 2.46 (1.10) | 2.56 (1.10) | | Latent variable | 0.06 (0.63) | 0.03 (0.65) | 0.03 (0.68) | -0.10 (0.70) | -0.02 (0.71) | | Affinity | | | | | | | Raw score | 2.85 (0.98) | 2.98 (0.98) | 2.98 (0.94) | 3.06 (0.95) | 3.12 (0.90) | | Latent variable | -0.12 (0.74) | -0.01 (0.74) | -0.02 (0.68) | 0.05 (0.70) | 0.10 (0.65) | | Social intelligence | | | | | | | Raw score | 3.06 (0.86) | 3.11 (0.82) | 3.15 (0.83) | 3.19 (0.76) | 3.23 (0.76) | | Latent variable | -0.09 (0.51) | -0.03 (0.51) | 0.00 (0.55) | 0.04 (0.43) | 0.08 (0.44) | | Agency | | | | | | | Raw score | 3.39 (0.67) | 3.25 (0.79) | 3.25 0.80 | 3.21 (0.79) | 3.33 (0.74) | | Latent variable | 0.07 (0.34) | -0.02 (0.43) | -0.02 (0.45) | -0.06 (0.44) | 0.03 (0.41) |
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Note. Standard deviations are in parentheses. For the raw scores, 1 = strongly disagree; 2 = disagree; 3 = agree; 4 = strongly agree.
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