Research Article

Cross-Country Study of Institutionalizing Social Participation in Health Policymaking: A Realist Analysis

Table 4

Mechanisms and interventions in selected countries.

ThemeThailand [8, 11, 20]Iran [8, 2126]Chile [2739]France [8, 4045]Tunisia [8, 4654]

MechanismLevelSubtheme
Local(i) Civil society
(ii) Local government
(i) Civil society
(ii) House of Public Participation for Health (HPPH)
(i) Civil society
(ii) Citizen councils
(iii) Physical and online offices
(i) NGOs
(ii) Local government
(i) Civil society
Regional(i) Province Health Assembly (PHA)(i) Province Health Assembly (PHA)(i) Citizen consultation and dialogue
(ii) Physical and online offices
(i) Regional conference on health and autonomy (CRSA)(i) Regional meetings
National(i) National Health Assembly (NHA)(i) National Health Assembly (NHA)(i) Consultative council of the ministry of health
(ii) Civil society council
Planning for more efficient mechanism
(i) National Health Conference (CNS)(i) National conference
Interventions(i) Supportive legislation:
(a) Health promotion foundation act
(b) National health act
(i) Supportive legislation: (a) Right to health and participation in constitution law
(b) Right to health and participation in general health policies
(i) Supportive legislation:
(a) The law 20.500
(b) Law on the rights and duties of patients
(i) Supportive legislation:
(a) “Kouchner law”
(b) Anti-discrimination law
(i) Supportive legislation:
(a) Right to health in constitution law
(ii) Establishing evidence-generating, monitoring, observatory, transparency, and accountability structures(ii) Strengthening of civil society(ii) Strengthening of civil society(ii) Organizational structures(ii) Citizen juries
(iii) Government support from civil society networking(iii) Establishing the deputy for social affairs in MoHME(iii) Patients’ representatives in HAS commission on public health and health economics
(iv) Expanding CSO networks active in health and primary health care

HAS: Haute Autorité de Santé (High Authority of Health); MoHME: Ministry of Health and Medical Education; CNS: Conférence Nationale de Santé; CRSA: Conférence Régionale de Santé et de l’autonomie; HPPH: House of Public Participation for Health.