Exploring Care Home Workers’ Views on Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Hand Hygiene Training: A Realist Interview Study

Table 1

How AR and VR training may work for upskilling healthcare workers.

Context/condition	Mechanism (s)	Outcome (s)
Realistic (high fidelity) simulations/visualisation	+Perceptions of realistic haptics and imagery	=More effective learning (e.g., increased understanding/learning, enhanced skills, proficiency, and performance)
		=Learner satisfaction with tool and realism
	+Easier and more detailed visualisation of patient anatomy	=More effective learning
		=Learner satisfaction with tool and realism
	+Interactive experience	=More effective learning
VR or AR that immerses learners	+Engages learners in deep immersion	=Improved learning, knowledge, comfort with knowledge, and skill performance
When teaching transferable skills or knowledge	+Enhances skills	=Knowledge and skill transfer to clinical practice and simulators
	+Practice in a safe environment
Novices	+Repeated practice	=Technical proficiency, skill acquisition, and improved performance