Research Article
Whole-Exome Sequencing Analysis Identifies Risk Genes in Atlantoaxial Dislocation Patients with Sandwich Fusion
Table 1
Demographic features of patients with sandwich fusion.
| | Clinical information | Case number | Proportion | Control number | Proportion |
| | Gender | | | | | | Female | 43 | 63% | 138 | 63% | | Male | 25 | 37% | 81 | 37% | | Age level | | | | | | 0-18 | 6 | 8.8% | 0 | 0 | | 18-35 | 11 | 16.2% | 43 | 19.6% | | 36-60 | 39 | 57.4% | 133 | 60.7% | | >60 | 12 | 17.6% | 43 | 19.6% | | Fusion level | | | | | | C0-1 | 68 | 100% | — | — | | C1-2 | 0 | 0 | — | — | | C2-3 | 68 | 100% | — | — | | C3-4 | 4 | 5.9% | — | — | | C4-5 | 5 | 7.4% | — | — | | C5-6 | 4 | 5.9% | — | — | | C6-7 | 9 | 13.2% | — | — | | C7-t1 | 2 | 2.9% | — | — | | T1-12 | 1 | 1.4% | — | — | | T12-L5 | 1 | 1.4% | — | — | | Samartzis classification | | | | | | KFS I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | KFS II | 58 | 85% | 0 | 0 | | KFS III | 10 | 15% | 0 | 0 | | Combined malformations | | | | | | Atlantoaxial dislocation | 68 | 100% | 0 | 0 | | Basilar invagination | 68 | 100% | 0 | 0 | | Chiari malformation | 18 | 26.5% | 0 | 0 | | Cervical spondylotic myelopathy | 43 | 63.2% | 0 | 0 | | Cardiac anomalies | 8 | 11.8% | 0 | 0 | | Os odontoideum | 4 | 5.9% | 0 | 0 | | Syringomyelia | 11 | 16.1% | 0 | 0 | | Scoliosis | 16 | 23.5% | 0 | 0 | | Torticollis | 9 | 13.2% | 0 | 0 | | Fixed level in surgery | | | | | | C0-2 | 34 | 50% | — | — | | C0-3 | 28 | 41.2% | — | — | | C0-4 | 3 | 4.4% | — | — | | C0-5 | 1 | 1.5% | — | — | | Total | 68 | 100% | 219 | 100% |
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