Review Article

Female Genital Tuberculosis: Clinical Presentation, Current Diagnosis, and Treatment

Table 3

Test combination for the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis.

Diagnostic aidRef.Authors

Gynecologic symptoms[510, 13, 14](Shahzad, 2012), (Ali and Abdallah, 2012), (Parvez et al., 2017), (Zahoor et al., 2019), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), (Jindal, 2006), (Patel and Dhand, 2016), and (Djuwantono et al., 2017)
History of tuberculosis[5, 6, 10, 14](Shahzad, 2012), (Ali and Abdallah, 2012), (Jindal, 2006), and (Djuwantono et al., 2017)
Family history of tuberculosis[5, 6, 10](Shahzad, 2012), (Ali and Abdallah, 2012), and (Jindal, 2006)
ESR[5](Shahzad, 2012)
Chest X-ray showing evidence of past or present tuberculosis[5, 6, 9, 10, 13](Shahzad, 2012), (Ali and Abdallah, 2012), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), (Jindal, 2006), and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
Mantoux test[5, 9, 10, 13](Shahzad, 2012), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), (Jindal, 2006), and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
Ultrasound scan[5, 9, 13](Shahzad, 2012), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
Histopathology[510, 13](Shahzad, 2012), (Ali and Abdallah, 2012), (Parvez et al., 2017), (Zahoor et al., 2019), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), (Jindal, 2006), and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
Ultrasonography[8, 13, 14](Zahoor et al., 2019), (Patel and Dhand, 2016), and (Djuwantono et al., 2017)
AFB smear[710, 13](Parvez et al., 2017), (Zahoor et al., 2019), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), (Jindal, 2006), and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
Culture[68, 13](Ali and Abdallah, 2012), (Parvez et al., 2017), (Zahoor et al., 2019), and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
GeneXpert[8, 9, 15](Zahoor et al., 2019), (D. Sharma et al., 2019), and (J. Sharma et al., 2020)
PCR[7, 9](Parvez et al., 2017) and (D. Sharma et al., 2019)
Hysterosalpingography[10, 13](Jindal, 2006) and (Patel and Dhand, 2016)
ELISA IgG and IgM against A60 mycobacterial antigen[10](Jindal, 2006)
Laparoscopy[13, 16](Patel and Dhand, 2016) and (Malhotra et al., 2020)