The Impact of Illumination on Finger Vascular Pattern Recognition

Table 1

FNMR@FMR0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% with a confidence interval for wide and narrow beam and varying illumination.

Evaluation	Light directions	FNMR@FMR (%)
		(95% confidence interval)
		Narrow beam			Wide beam
		0.01	0.1	1	0.01	0.1	1
Single-direction	Top	0.00	0.00	0.00	4.20	2.30	1.22
		(0.0, 0.52)	(0.0, 0.52)	(0.0, 0.52)	(2.97, 5.90)	(1.44, 3.66)	(0.64, 2.30)
	Right side	0.68	0.27	0.14	6.50	3.79	2.58
		(0.29, 1.58)	(0.07, 0.98)	(0.02, 0.76)	(4.94, 8.52)	(2.64, 5.43)	(1.65, 3.99)
	Left side	0.54	0.14	0.14	2.98	2.44	1.36
		(0.21, 1.39)	(0.02, 0.76)	(0.02, 0.76)	(1.98, 4.47)	(1.55, 3.82)	(0.74, 2.48)
Cross-direction	Top vs. right side	2.67	0.63	0.18	26.74	15.09	6.28
		(2.07, 3.42)	(0.38, 1.06)	(0.07, 0.46)	(24.94, 28.62)	(13.66, 16.64)	(5.34, 7.37)
	Top vs. left side	6.59	1.90	0.63	30.94	17.44	7.68
		(5.63, 7.71)	(1.41, 2.55)	(0.38, 1.06)	(29.05, 32.9)	(15.91, 19.07)	(6.64, 8.86)
	Right vs. left sides	9.76	4.47	1.94	70.69	59.89	45.57
		(8.59, 11.06)	(3.69, 5.41)	(1.45, 2.61)	(68.76, 72.55)	(57.83, 61.91)	(43.51, 47.65)
Score fusion	Right and left sides	0.14	0.00	0.00	2.71	1.08	0.68
		(0.02, 0.76)	(0.0, 0.52)	(0.0, 0.52)	(1.76, 4.15)	(0.55, 2.12)	(0.29, 1.58)
	Top vs. fused right–left	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.58	1.36	0.27
		(0.0, 0.52)	(0.0, 0.52)	(0.0, 0.52)	(1.99, 3.32)	(0.95, 1.93)	(0.12, 0.59)
Image fusion (nonalignment)	Right and Left sides	0.54	0.14	0.00	3.12	2.30	1.08
		(0.21, 1.39)	(0.02, 0.76)	(0.0, 0.52)	(2.09, 4.63)	(1.44, 3.66)	(0.55, 2.12)
	Top vs. fused right–left	6.55	1.81	0.36	40.97	22.09	8.58
		(5.59, 7.66)	(1.33, 2.45)	(0.18, 0.71)	(38.94, 43.03)	(20.41, 23.86)	(7.49, 9.82)
Image fusion (alignment)	Right and left sides	0.14	0.00	0.00	3.66	1.90	0.41
		(0.02, 0.76)	(0.0, 0.52)	(0.0, 0.52)	(2.53, 5.27)	(1.13, 3.16)	(0.14, 1.19)
	Top vs. fused right–left	1.13	0.27	0.00	15.90	9.26	3.84
		(0.77, 1.66)	(0.12, 0.59)	(0.0, 0.52)	(14.43, 17.48)	(8.12, 10.54)	(3.12, 4.72)