Li-Ion Battery State of Health Estimation Based on Short Random Charging Segment and Improved Long Short-Term Memory

Table 4

SOH estimation errors for Kokam cells.

Batteries	MAE (%)			RMSE (%)			R^2
	LSTM	FDA-LSTM	IFDA-LSTM	LSTM	FDA-LSTM	IFDA-LSTM	LSTM	FDA-LSTM	IFDA-LSTM
#1	1.14	0.35	0.34	1.34	0.60	0.39	0.97	0.98	0.99
#2	1.19	0.93	0.76	1.48	1.14	0.98	0.97	0.98	0.99
#3	1.04	0.34	0.30	1.60	0.42	0.34	0.95	0.97	0.99
#4	1.08	0.62	0.43	1.22	0.79	0.56	0.97	0.98	0.99
#5	0.84	0.53	0.49	1.47	1.30	1.02	0.95	0.96	0.98
#6	1.52	0.75	0.25	1.06	0.79	0.34	0.97	0.98	0.99
#7	1.92	0.57	0.45	1.49	0.62	0.48	0.94	0.97	0.99
#8	1.78	0.85	0.42	1.34	1.01	0.51	0.97	0.98	0.99
Mean	1.31	0.62	0.43	1.38	0.83	0.58	0.96	0.98	0.99