An Unsupervised Deep Learning Framework for Retrospective Gating of Catheter-Based Cardiac Imaging

Figure 17

Average dissimilarity plots and magnitude spectra of image sequences acquired from poststent subjects: (a) average dissimilarity plots and amplitude spectra obtained using IBG-Net; (b) average dissimilarity plots and amplitude spectra obtained based on changes in image intensity feature changes; (c) lumen centroid offset plots and magnitude spectra. Obviously, there is no significant periodicity in the average dissimilarity plots and the lumen centroid offset plot. Their amplitude spectra have multiple peaks with lower amplitudes within the frequency range of 45–200 bpm, marked by two red dotted lines, making it impossible to determine the average heart rate.

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